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Rabbit Anti-AKR1C3 Recombinant Antibody (V2-12559) (CBMAB-1049-CN)

This product is a rabbit antibody that recognizes AKR1C3 of human. The antibody EPR16726 can be used for immunoassay techniques such as: FC, IF, IP, WB.
See all AKR1C3 antibodies
Published Data

Summary

Host Animal
Rabbit
Specificity
Human
Clone
V2-12559
Antibody Isotype
IgG
Application
IHC-F, IF, IP, WB

Basic Information

Immunogen
Synthetic peptide within Human AKR1C3 (aa. 200-300).
Host Species
Rabbit
Specificity
Human
Antibody Isotype
IgG
Clonality
Monoclonal
Application Notes
The COA includes recommended starting dilutions, optimal dilutions should be determined by the end user.
ApplicationNote
FC1:70
WB1:1,000
IP1:30
IF(ICC)1:100

Formulations & Storage [For reference only, actual COA shall prevail!]

Format
Liquid
Buffer
PBS, pH 7.2, 59% PBS, 40% Glycerol, 0.05% BSA
Preservative
0.01% sodium azide
Concentration
Batch dependent
Storage
Store at +4°C short term (1-2 weeks). Aliquot and store at -20°C long term. Avoid repeated freeze/thaw cycles.

Target

Full Name
Aldo-Keto Reductase Family 1 Member C3
Introduction
This gene encodes a member of the aldo/keto reductase superfamily, which consists of more than 40 known enzymes and proteins. These enzymes catalyze the conversion of aldehydes and ketones to their corresponding alcohols by utilizing NADH and/or NADPH as cofactors. The enzymes display overlapping but distinct substrate specificity. This enzyme catalyzes the reduction of prostaglandin (PG) D2, PGH2 and phenanthrenequinone (PQ), and the oxidation of 9alpha,11beta-PGF2 to PGD2. It may play an important role in the pathogenesis of allergic diseases such as asthma, and may also have a role in controlling cell growth and/or differentiation. This gene shares high sequence identity with three other gene members and is clustered with those three genes at chromosome 10p15-p14. This protein catalyzes the conversion of aldehydes and ketones to alcohols. This protein catalyzes the reduction of prostaglandin (PG) D2, PGH2 and phenanthrenequinone (PQ) and the oxidation of 9-alpha,11-beta-PGF2 to PGD2This protein functions as a bi-directional 3-alpha-, 17-beta- and 20-alpha HSD. Can interconvert active androgens, estrogens and progestins with their cognate inactive metabolites.
Entrez Gene ID
UniProt ID
Alternative Names
DD3; DDX; PGFS; HAKRB; HAKRe; HA1753; HSD17B5; hluPGFS
Function
Cytosolic aldo-keto reductase that catalyzes the NADH and NADPH-dependent reduction of ketosteroids to hydroxysteroids. Acts as a NAD(P)(H)-dependent 3-, 17- and 20-ketosteroid reductase on the steroid nucleus and side chain and regulates the metabolism of androgens, estrogens and progesterone (PubMed:10622721, PubMed:11165022, PubMed:7650035, PubMed:9415401, PubMed:9927279). Displays the ability to catalyze both oxidation and reduction in vitro, but most probably acts as a reductase in vivo since the oxidase activity measured in vitro is inhibited by physiological concentration of NADPH (PubMed:14672942, PubMed:11165022). Acts preferentially as a 17-ketosteroid reductase and has the highest catalytic efficiency of the AKR1C enzyme for the reduction of delta4-androstenedione to form testosterone (PubMed:20036328). Reduces prostaglandin (PG) D2 to 11beta-prostaglandin F2, progesterone to 20alpha-hydroxyprogesterone and estrone to 17beta-estradiol (PubMed:15047184, PubMed:20036328, PubMed:10622721, PubMed:11165022, PubMed:10998348, PubMed:19010934). Catalyzes the transformation of the potent androgen dihydrotestosterone (DHT) into the less active form, 5-alpha-androstan-3-alpha,17-beta-diol (3-alpha-diol) (PubMed:10998348, PubMed:14672942, PubMed:11165022, PubMed:7650035, PubMed:9415401, PubMed:10557352). Displays also retinaldehyde reductase activity toward 9-cis-retinal (PubMed:21851338).
Biological Process
Cellular response to cadmium ion Source: UniProtKB
Cellular response to calcium ion Source: UniProtKB
Cellular response to corticosteroid stimulus Source: UniProtKB
Cellular response to jasmonic acid stimulus Source: UniProtKB
Cellular response to prostaglandin D stimulus Source: UniProtKB
Cellular response to prostaglandin stimulus Source: UniProtKB
Cellular response to reactive oxygen species Source: UniProtKB
Cellular response to starvation Source: UniProtKB
Cyclooxygenase pathway Source: Reactome
Daunorubicin metabolic process Source: UniProtKB
Doxorubicin metabolic process Source: UniProtKB
Farnesol catabolic process Source: UniProtKB
G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway Source: UniProtKB
Keratinocyte differentiation Source: UniProtKB
Macromolecule metabolic process Source: UniProtKB
Male gonad development Source: UniProtKB
Negative regulation of retinoic acid biosynthetic process Source: UniProtKB
Positive regulation of cell death Source: UniProtKB
Positive regulation of cell population proliferation Source: UniProtKB
Positive regulation of endothelial cell apoptotic process Source: UniProtKB
Positive regulation of protein kinase B signaling Source: UniProtKB
Positive regulation of reactive oxygen species metabolic process Source: UniProtKB
Progesterone metabolic process Source: UniProtKB
Prostaglandin metabolic process Source: UniProtKB
Regulation of retinoic acid receptor signaling pathway Source: UniProtKB
Regulation of testosterone biosynthetic process Source: UniProtKB
Renal absorption Source: UniProtKB
Response to nutrient Source: UniProtKB
Retinal metabolic process Source: UniProtKB
Retinoid metabolic process Source: Reactome
Retinol metabolic process Source: GOC
Steroid metabolic process Source: UniProtKB
Testosterone biosynthetic process Source: UniProtKB
Cellular Location
Cytoplasm

Zhu, P., Feng, R., Lu, X., Liao, Y., Du, Z., Zhai, W., & Chen, K. (2021). Diagnostic and prognostic values of AKR1C3 and AKR1D1 in hepatocellular carcinoma. Aging (Albany NY), 13(3), 4138.

Zhou, C., Wang, Z., Li, J., Wu, X., Fan, N., Li, D., ... & Zhao, Y. (2021). Aldo-Keto Reductase 1C3 Mediates Chemotherapy Resistance in Esophageal Adenocarcinoma via ROS Detoxification. Cancers, 13(10), 2403.

Arafah, K., Kriegsmann, M., Renner, M., Lasitschka, F., Fresnais, M., Kriegsmann, K., ... & Longuespée, R. (2020). Microproteomics and Immunohistochemistry Reveal Differences in Aldo‐Keto Reductase Family 1 Member C3 in Tissue Specimens of Ulcerative Colitis and Crohn's Disease. PROTEOMICS–Clinical Applications, 14(4), 1900110.

Hertzog, J. R., Zhang, Z., Bignan, G., Connolly, P. J., Heindl, J. E., Janetopoulos, C. J., ... & McDevitt, T. M. (2020). AKR1C3 mediates pan‐AR antagonist resistance in castration‐resistant prostate cancer. The Prostate, 80(14), 1223-1232.

Zhao, J., Zhang, M., Liu, J., Liu, Z., Shen, P., Nie, L., ... & Zeng, H. (2019). AKR1C3 expression in primary lesion rebiopsy at the time of metastatic castration‐resistant prostate cancer is strongly associated with poor efficacy of abiraterone as a first‐line therapy. The Prostate, 79(13), 1553-1562.

Miyazaki, Y., Teramoto, Y., Shibuya, S., Goto, T., Okasho, K., Mizuno, K., ... & Inoue, T. (2019). Consecutive Prostate Cancer Specimens Revealed Increased Aldo–Keto Reductase Family 1 Member C3 Expression with Progression to Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer. Journal of clinical medicine, 8(5), 601.

Liu, J., He, P., Lin, L., Zhao, Y., Deng, W., Ding, H., ... & Wang, Z. (2019). Characterization of a highly specific monoclonal antibody against human aldo-keto reductase AKR1C3. Steroids, 143, 73-79.

Hashimoto, Y., Imai, A., Yamamoto, H., Hatakeyama, S., Yoneyama, T., & Ohyama, C. (2018). Aldo-keto-reductase 1C3 expression in prostate cancer. Annals of Oncology, 29, ix71-ix72.

Penning, T. M. (2017). Aldo-Keto Reductase (AKR) 1C3 inhibitors: a patent review. Expert opinion on therapeutic patents, 27(12), 1329-1340.

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For research use only. Not intended for any clinical use.

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