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Armenian Hamster Anti-CTLA4 Recombinant Antibody (4F10) (CBMAB-1008-LY)

This product is armenian hamster antibody recognizes mouse CTLA-4 (CD152). The antibody 4F10 immunoassay techniques such as: Neutralization, FC.
See all CTLA4 antibodies

Summary

Host Animal
Armenian Hamster
Specificity
Mouse
Clone
4F10
Antibody Isotype
IgG
Application
Neutralization, FC

Basic Information

Specificity
Mouse
Antibody Isotype
IgG
Clonality
Monoclonal
Application Notes
The COA includes recommended starting dilutions, optimal dilutions should be determined by the end user.

Formulations & Storage [For reference only, actual COA shall prevail!]

Format
Liquid
Purity
> 95% Purity determined by SDS-PAGE.
Storage
Store at +4°C short term (1-2 weeks). Aliquot and store at -20°C long term. Avoid repeated freezethaw cycles.

Target

Full Name
Cytotoxic T-Lymphocyte Associated Protein 4
Introduction
This gene is a member of the immunoglobulin superfamily, and encodes a protein that functions as a negative regulator of T-cell responses. Alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been described for this gene. Inhibitory receptor acting as a major negative regulator of T-cell responses. The affinity of CTLA4 for its natural B7 family ligands, CD80 and CD86, is considerably stronger than the affinity of their cognate stimulatory coreceptor CD28.
Entrez Gene ID
UniProt ID
Alternative Names
Cd152; Ly-56; Ctla-4
Function
Inhibitory receptor acting as a major negative regulator of T-cell responses. The affinity of CTLA4 for its natural B7 family ligands, CD80 and CD86, is considerably stronger than the affinity of their cognate stimulatory coreceptor CD28.
Biological Process
Adaptive immune response Source: UniProtKB-KW
B cell receptor signaling pathway Source: UniProtKB
Cellular response to DNA damage stimulus Source: UniProtKB
Immune response Source: ProtInc
Negative regulation of B cell proliferation Source: UniProtKB
Negative regulation of immune response Source: Ensembl
Negative regulation of regulatory T cell differentiation Source: BHF-UCL
Negative regulation of T cell proliferation Source: Ensembl
Positive regulation of apoptotic process Source: UniProtKB
Regulation of regulatory T cell differentiation Source: Reactome
T cell costimulation Source: Reactome
T cell receptor signaling pathway Source: GO_Central
Cellular Location
Cell membrane. Exists primarily an intracellular antigen whose surface expression is tightly regulated by restricted trafficking to the cell surface and rapid internalisation.
Involvement in disease
Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE):
A chronic, relapsing, inflammatory, and often febrile multisystemic disorder of connective tissue, characterized principally by involvement of the skin, joints, kidneys and serosal membranes. It is of unknown etiology, but is thought to represent a failure of the regulatory mechanisms of the autoimmune system. The disease is marked by a wide range of system dysfunctions, an elevated erythrocyte sedimentation rate, and the formation of LE cells in the blood or bone marrow.
Genetic variations in CTLA4 may influence susceptibility to Graves disease, an autoimmune disorder associated with overactivity of the thyroid gland and hyperthyroidism.
Diabetes mellitus, insulin-dependent, 12 (IDDM12):
A multifactorial disorder of glucose homeostasis that is characterized by susceptibility to ketoacidosis in the absence of insulin therapy. Clinical features are polydipsia, polyphagia and polyuria which result from hyperglycemia-induced osmotic diuresis and secondary thirst. These derangements result in long-term complications that affect the eyes, kidneys, nerves, and blood vessels.
Celiac disease 3 (CELIAC3):
A multifactorial, chronic disorder of the small intestine caused by intolerance to gluten. It is characterized by immune-mediated enteropathy associated with failed intestinal absorption, and malnutrition. In predisposed individuals, the ingestion of gluten-containing food such as wheat and rye induces a flat jejunal mucosa with infiltration of lymphocytes.
Autoimmune lymphoproliferative syndrome 5 (ALPS5):
An autosomal dominant primary immunodeficiency characterized by severe autoimmunity, infiltration of non-lymphoid organs, such as the intestine, lungs and brain, by hyperactive T cells and B cells, autoimmune cytopenias, and hypogammaglobulinemia in early childhood.
Topology
Extracellular: 36-161
Helical: 162-182
Cytoplasmic: 183-223
PTM
N-glycosylation is important for dimerization.
Phosphorylation at Tyr-201 prevents binding to the AP-2 adapter complex, blocks endocytosis, and leads to retention of CTLA4 on the cell surface.

Ariyarathna, H., Thomson, N. A., Aberdein, D., Perrott, M. R., & Munday, J. S. (2020). Increased programmed death ligand (PD-L1) and cytotoxic T-lymphocyte antigen-4 (CTLA-4) expression is associated with metastasis and poor prognosis in malignant canine mammary gland tumours. Veterinary Immunology and Immunopathology, 230, 110142.

Xu, H., Tan, P., Zheng, X., Huang, Y., Lin, T., Wei, Q., ... & Yang, L. (2019). Immune-related adverse events following administration of anti-cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated protein-4 drugs: a comprehensive systematic review and meta-analysis. Drug Design, Development and Therapy, 13, 2215.

Schwab, C., Gabrysch, A., Olbrich, P., Patiño, V., Warnatz, K., Wolff, D., ... & Grimbacher, B. (2018). Phenotype, penetrance, and treatment of 133 cytotoxic T-lymphocyte antigen 4–insufficient subjects. Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, 142(6), 1932-1946.

De Bruyne, M., Bogaert, D. J., Venken, K., Van den Bossche, L., Bonroy, C., Roels, L., ... & Dullaers, M. (2018). A novel LPS-responsive beige-like anchor protein (LRBA) mutation presents with normal cytotoxic T lymphocyte-associated protein 4 (CTLA-4) and overactive TH17 immunity. Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, 142(6), 1968-1971.

Kassardjian, A., Shintaku, P. I., & Moatamed, N. A. (2018). Expression of immune checkpoint regulators, cytotoxic T lymphocyte antigen 4 (CTLA-4) and programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1), in female breast carcinomas. PloS one, 13(4), e0195958.

Le Coz, C., Nolan, B. E., Trofa, M., Kamsheh, A. M., Khokha, M. K., Lakhani, S. A., ... & Romberg, N. (2018). Cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated protein 4 haploinsufficiency-associated inflammation can occur independently of T-cell hyperproliferation. Frontiers in immunology, 9, 1715.

Eliana, F., Suwondo, P., Asmarinah, A., Harahap, A., Djauzi, S., Prihartono, J., & Pemayun, T. G. D. (2017). The role of cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated protein 4 (CTLA-4) gene, thyroid stimulating hormone receptor (TSHR) gene and regulatory t-cells as risk factors for relapse in patients with Graves disease. Acta Med Indones, 49(3), 195-204.

Cho, H., Kang, H., Lee, H. H., & Kim, C. W. (2017). Programmed cell death 1 (PD-1) and cytotoxic T lymphocyte-associated antigen 4 (CTLA-4) in viral hepatitis. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 18(7), 1517.

Lingel, H., Wissing, J., Arra, A., Schanze, D., Lienenklaus, S., Klawonn, F., ... & Brunner-Weinzierl, M. C. (2017). CTLA-4-mediated posttranslational modifications direct cytotoxic T-lymphocyte differentiation. Cell Death & Differentiation, 24(10), 1739-1749.

Fattah, S. A., Ghattas, M. H., Saleh, S. M., & Abo-Elmatty, D. M. (2017). Cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated protein 4 gene polymorphism is related to rheumatoid arthritis in Egyptian population. Archives of Physiology and Biochemistry, 123(1), 50-53.

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For research use only. Not intended for any clinical use.

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