GNA13

GNA13 (G Protein Subunit Alpha 13) is a Protein Coding gene. Diseases associated with GNA13 include auriculocondylar syndrome 1. Among its related pathways are Platelet activation, signaling and aggregation and Signaling by GPCR. GO annotations related to this gene include GTP binding and signal transducer activity. An important paralog of this gene is GNAS.

guanine nucleotide binding protein (G protein), alpha 13

Guanine nucleotide-binding proteins (G proteins) are involved as modulators or transducers in various transmembrane signaling systems (PubMed:15240885, PubMed:16787920, PubMed:16705036, PubMed:27084452).

Activates effector molecule RhoA by binding and activating RhoGEFs (ARHGEF1/p115RhoGEF, ARHGEF11/PDZ-RhoGEF and ARHGEF12/LARG) (PubMed:15240885, PubMed:12515866).

GNA13-dependent Rho signaling subsequently regulates transcription factor AP-1 (activating protein-1) (By similarity).

Promotes tumor cell invasion and metastasis by activating RhoA/ROCK signaling pathway (PubMed:16787920, PubMed:16705036, PubMed:27084452).

Inhibits CDH1-mediated cell adhesion in process independent from Rho activation (PubMed:11976333).

Activation of phospholipase D activity Source: GO_Central
Adenylate cyclase-activating G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway Source: GO_Central
Adenylate cyclase-modulating G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway Source: UniProtKB
Negative regulation of vascular associated smooth muscle cell migration Source: Ensembl
Negative regulation of vascular associated smooth muscle cell proliferation Source: Ensembl
Positive regulation of cytosolic calcium ion concentration Source: Ensembl
Regulation of small GTPase mediated signal transduction Source: Reactome
Rho protein signal transduction Source: GO_Central
Signal transduction Source: ProtInc

Cell membrane; Cytoplasm; Nucleus; Melanosome. Identified by mass spectrometry in melanosome fractions from stage I to stage IV (PubMed:17081065). Detected in the cytoplasm of Leydig cells and in the seminiferous epithelium, including differentiating cells from the spermatogonia to mature spermatozoa stages (PubMed:18703424). In round spermatids, also present in the nuclei (PubMed:18703424).

Palmitoylation is critical for proper membrane localization and signaling.
Phosphorylation on Thr-203 by PKA destabilizes the heterotrimer of alpha, beta and gamma, and inhibits Rho activation.