DUOX2

The protein encoded by this gene is a glycoprotein and a member of the NADPH oxidase family. The synthesis of thyroid hormone is catalyzed by a protein complex located at the apical membrane of thyroid follicular cells. This complex contains an iodide transporter, thyroperoxidase, and a peroxide generating system that includes this encoded protein and DUOX1. This protein is known as dual oxidase because it has both a peroxidase homology domain and a gp91phox domain.

Dual Oxidase 2

Generates hydrogen peroxide which is required for the activity of thyroid peroxidase/TPO and lactoperoxidase/LPO. Plays a role in thyroid hormones synthesis and lactoperoxidase-mediated antimicrobial defense at the surface of mucosa. May have its own peroxidase activity through its N-terminal peroxidase-like domain.

Cuticle development Source: UniProtKB
Cytokine-mediated signaling pathway Source: UniProtKB
Defense response Source: GO_Central
Hormone biosynthetic process Source: UniProtKB-KW
Hydrogen peroxide biosynthetic process Source: UniProtKB
Hydrogen peroxide catabolic process Source: UniProtKB-KW
Positive regulation of cell motility Source: UniProtKB
Positive regulation of wound healing Source: UniProtKB
Response to cAMP Source: UniProtKB
Response to oxidative stress Source: InterPro
Response to virus Source: UniProtKB
Superoxide anion generation Source: UniProtKB
Thyroid hormone generation Source: Reactome

Apical cell membrane; Cell junction. Localizes to the apical membrane of epithelial cells. Localizes on internal membrane structures under resting conditions, translocates to the plasma membrane and cell-cell junctions upon challenge with enteric pathogens, such as Escherichia coli.

Thyroid dyshormonogenesis 6 (TDH6):
A disorder due to a defective conversion of accumulated iodide to organically bound iodine. The iodide organification defect can be partial or complete.
Defects in DUOX2 may play a role in the pathogenesis of very early onset inflammatory bowel disease (VEOIBD), a chronic, relapsing inflammation of the gastrointestinal tract with a complex etiology diagnosed before 6 years of age. VEOIBD is subdivided into Crohn disease and ulcerative colitis phenotypes. Crohn disease may affect any part of the gastrointestinal tract from the mouth to the anus, but the phenotype of children with onset of Crohn disease occurring younger than the age of 10 is predominantly colonic, with a lower risk of ileal disease. Bowel inflammation is transmural and discontinuous; it may contain granulomas or be associated with intestinal or perianal fistulas. In contrast, in ulcerative colitis, the inflammation is continuous and limited to rectal and colonic mucosal layers; fistulas and granulomas are not observed. Both diseases include extraintestinal inflammation of the skin, eyes, or joints.

Extracellular: 26-601
Helical: 602-622
Cytoplasmic: 623-1041
Helical: 1042-1062
Extracellular: 1063-1076
Helical: 1077-1097
Cytoplasmic: 1098-1128
Helical: 1129-1151
Extracellular: 1152-1185
Helical: 1186-1206
Cytoplasmic: 1207-1223
Helical: 1224-1244
Helical: 1245-1265
Cytoplasmic: 1266-1548

N-glycosylated.