FAN1

This gene plays a role in DNA interstrand cross-link repair and encodes a protein with 5' flap endonuclease and 5'-3' exonuclease activity. Mutations in this gene cause karyomegalic interstitial nephritis. Alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding distinct isoforms have been described. [provided by RefSeq, Feb 2016]

FANCD2 And FANCI Associated Nuclease 1

Nuclease required for the repair of DNA interstrand cross-links (ICL) recruited at sites of DNA damage by monoubiquitinated FANCD2. Specifically involved in repair of ICL-induced DNA breaks by being required for efficient homologous recombination, probably in the resolution of homologous recombination intermediates (PubMed:20603015, PubMed:20603016, PubMed:20603073, PubMed:20671156, PubMed:24981866, PubMed:25430771).

Not involved in DNA double-strand breaks resection (PubMed:20603015, PubMed:20603016).

Acts as a 5'-3' exonuclease that anchors at a cut end of DNA and cleaves DNA successively at every third nucleotide, allowing to excise an ICL from one strand through flanking incisions. Probably keeps excising with 3'-flap annealing until it reaches and unhooks the ICL (PubMed:25430771).

Acts at sites that have a 5'-terminal phosphate anchor at a nick or a 1- or 2-nucleotide flap and is augmented by a 3' flap (PubMed:25430771).

Also has endonuclease activity toward 5'-flaps (PubMed:20603015, PubMed:20603016, PubMed:24981866).

DNA repair Source: UniProtKB
Double-strand break repair via homologous recombination Source: UniProtKB
Interstrand cross-link repair Source: UniProtKB
Nucleotide-excision repair Source: UniProtKB
Nucleotide-excision repair, DNA incision Source: UniProtKB

Nucleus. Localizes at sites of DNA damage following recruitment by monoubiquitinated FANCD2 (PubMed:20603015, PubMed:20603016). Localizes to stalled replication forks via its UBZ4-type zinc finger (PubMed:20935496).

Interstitial nephritis, karyomegalic (KMIN):
A rare kidney disease characterized by chronic tubulointerstitial nephritis associated with massively enlarged tubular epithelial cell nuclei. The clinical picture is associated with recurrent upper respiratory tract infections in addition to chronic kidney disease beginning in the third decade of life. Schizophrenia and autism. Schizophrenia is a severe psychiatric disorder characterized by positive, negative, and cognitive symptoms, and it is associated with increased mortality and severely reduced fecundity. Autim is a complex multifactorial, pervasive developmental disorder characterized by impairments in reciprocal social interaction and communication, restricted and stereotyped patterns of interests and activities, and the presence of developmental abnormalities by 3 years of age. Most individuals with autism also manifest moderate mental retardation.Disease susceptibility may be associated with variants affecting the gene represented in this entry.

Ubiquitinated and degraded during mitotic exit by the APC/C-Cdh1 complex.