FLRT3

This gene encodes a member of the fibronectin leucine rich transmembrane protein (FLRT) family. FLRTs may function in cell adhesion and/or receptor signalling. Their protein structures resemble small leucine-rich proteoglycans found in the extracellular matrix. This gene is expressed in many tissues. Two alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding the same protein have been described for this gene.

Fibronectin Leucine Rich Transmembrane Protein 3

Functions in cell-cell adhesion, cell migration and axon guidance, exerting an attractive or repulsive role depending on its interaction partners. Plays a role in the spatial organization of brain neurons. Plays a role in vascular development in the retina (By similarity).

Plays a role in cell-cell adhesion via its interaction with ADGRL3 and probably also other latrophilins that are expressed at the surface of adjacent cells (PubMed:26235030).

Interaction with the intracellular domain of ROBO1 mediates axon attraction towards cells expressing NTN1. Mediates axon growth cone collapse and plays a repulsive role in neuron guidance via its interaction with UNC5B, and possibly also other UNC-5 family members (By similarity).

Promotes neurite outgrowth (in vitro) (PubMed:14706654).

Mediates cell-cell contacts that promote an increase both in neurite number and in neurite length. Plays a role in the regulation of the density of glutamaergic synapses. Plays a role in fibroblast growth factor-mediated signaling cascades. Required for normal morphogenesis during embryonic development, but not for normal embryonic patterning. Required for normal ventral closure, headfold fusion and definitive endoderm migration during embryonic development. Required for the formation of a normal basement membrane and the maintenance of a normal anterior visceral endoderm during embryonic development (By similarity).

Axon guidance Source: Ensembl
Cell-cell adhesion via plasma-membrane adhesion molecules Source: UniProtKB
Embryonic morphogenesis Source: UniProtKB
Fibroblast growth factor receptor signaling pathway Source: UniProtKB
Head development Source: UniProtKB
Heart development Source: UniProtKB
Neuron projection development Source: UniProtKB
Neuron projection extension Source: UniProtKB
Positive regulation of synapse assembly Source: Ensembl
Proepicardium cell migration involved in pericardium morphogenesis Source: UniProtKB
Response to axon injury Source: UniProtKB
Synapse assembly Source: UniProtKB
Synaptic membrane adhesion Source: Ensembl

Endoplasmic reticulum membrane; Cell membrane; Growth cone membrane; Secreted; Focal adhesion; Axon. Detected on dendritic punctae that colocalize in part with glutamaergic synapses, but not with GABAergic synapses. Proteolytic cleavage in the juxtamembrane region gives rise to a shedded ectodomain.

Hypogonadotropic hypogonadism 21 with or without anosmia (HH21):
A disorder characterized by absent or incomplete sexual maturation by the age of 18 years, in conjunction with low levels of circulating gonadotropins and testosterone and no other abnormalities of the hypothalamic-pituitary axis. In some cases, it is associated with non-reproductive phenotypes, such as anosmia, cleft palate, and sensorineural hearing loss. Anosmia or hyposmia is related to the absence or hypoplasia of the olfactory bulbs and tracts. Hypogonadism is due to deficiency in gonadotropin-releasing hormone and probably results from a failure of embryonic migration of gonadotropin-releasing hormone-synthesizing neurons. In the presence of anosmia, idiopathic hypogonadotropic hypogonadism is referred to as Kallmann syndrome, whereas in the presence of a normal sense of smell, it has been termed normosmic idiopathic hypogonadotropic hypogonadism (nIHH).

Extracellular: 29-528
Helical: 529-549
Cytoplasmic: 550-649

N-glycosylated.
Proteolytic cleavage in the juxtamembrane region gives rise to a soluble ectodomain. Cleavage is probably effected by a metalloprotease.