GABARAP

Gamma-aminobutyric acid A receptors [GABA(A) receptors] are ligand-gated chloride channels that mediate inhibitory neurotransmission. This gene encodes GABA(A) receptor-associated protein, which is highly positively charged in its N-terminus and shares sequence similarity with light chain-3 of microtubule-associated proteins 1A and 1B. This protein clusters neurotransmitter receptors by mediating interaction with the cytoskeleton. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

GABA Type A Receptor-Associated Protein

Ubiquitin-like modifier that plays a role in intracellular transport of GABA(A) receptors and its interaction with the cytoskeleton (PubMed:9892355).

Involved in autophagy: while LC3s are involved in elongation of the phagophore membrane, the GABARAP/GATE-16 subfamily is essential for a later stage in autophagosome maturation (PubMed:15169837, PubMed:20562859, PubMed:22948227).

Through its interaction with the reticulophagy receptor TEX264, participates in the remodeling of subdomains of the endoplasmic reticulum into autophagosomes upon nutrient stress, which then fuse with lysosomes for endoplasmic reticulum turnover (PubMed:31006538).

Also required for the local activition of the CUL3(KBTBD6/7) E3 ubiquitin ligase complex, regulating ubiquitination and degradation of TIAM1, a guanyl-nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) that activates RAC1 and downstream signal transduction (PubMed:25684205).

Thereby, regulates different biological processes including the organization of the cytoskeleton, cell migration and proliferation (PubMed:25684205).

Involved in apoptosis (PubMed:15977068).

Autophagosome assembly Source: GO_Central
Autophagy of mitochondrion Source: GO_Central
Cellular response to nitrogen starvation Source: GO_Central
Chemical synaptic transmission Source: ProtInc
Extrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway via death domain receptors Source: UniProtKB
Macroautophagy Source: GO_Central
Microtubule cytoskeleton organization Source: Ensembl
Positive regulation of proteasomal ubiquitin-dependent protein catabolic process Source: UniProtKB
Positive regulation of protein K48-linked ubiquitination Source: UniProtKB
Protein targeting Source: ProtInc
Regulation of Rac protein signal transduction Source: UniProtKB

Golgi apparatus membrane; Cytoskeleton; Endomembrane system; Autophagosome; Cytoplasmic vesicle. Largely associated with intracellular membrane structures including the Golgi apparatus and postsynaptic cisternae. Colocalizes with microtubules (By similarity). Localizes also to discrete punctae along the ciliary axoneme (By similarity).

The precursor molecule is cleaved by ATG4B to form the cytosolic form, GABARAP-I (PubMed:15169837). This is activated by APG7L/ATG7, transferred to ATG3 and conjugated to phospholipid to form the membrane-bound form, GABARAP-II (PubMed:15169837).