LPIN1

This gene represents a candidate gene for human lipodystrophy, characterized by loss of body fat, fatty liver, hypertriglyceridemia, and insulin resistance. Mouse studies suggest that this gene functions during normal adipose tissue development and may also play a role in human triglyceride metabolism. [provided by RefSeq]

Full Name

lipin 1

Function

Acts as a magnesium-dependent phosphatidate phosphatase enzyme which catalyzes the conversion of phosphatidic acid to diacylglycerol during triglyceride, phosphatidylcholine and phosphatidylethanolamine biosynthesis and therefore controls the metabolism of fatty acids at different levels (PubMed:20231281, PubMed:29765047).
Is involved in adipocyte differentiation (By similarity).
Acts also as nuclear transcriptional coactivator for PPARGC1A/PPARA regulatory pathway to modulate lipid metabolism gene expression (By similarity).
Recruited at the mitochondrion outer membrane and is involved in mitochondrial fission by converting phosphatidic acid to diacylglycerol (By similarity).

Biological Process

Animal organ regenerationIEA:Ensembl
Cellular lipid metabolic processManual Assertion Based On ExperimentIBA:GO_Central
Cellular response to insulin stimulusManual Assertion Based On ExperimentIBA:GO_Central
Fatty acid catabolic processISS:UniProtKB
Mitotic nuclear membrane disassemblyTAS:Reactome
Negative regulation of myelinationIEA:Ensembl
Negative regulation of phosphatidate phosphatase activityIEA:Ensembl
Phosphatidic acid biosynthetic processIEA:Ensembl
Phosphatidic acid metabolic processIDA:UniProtKB
Positive regulation of cold-induced thermogenesisBy SimilarityISS:YuBioLab
Positive regulation of DNA replicationIEA:Ensembl
Positive regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase IIManual Assertion Based On ExperimentIBA:GO_Central
Triglyceride biosynthetic processManual Assertion Based On ExperimentIDA:UniProtKB
Triglyceride mobilizationISS:UniProtKB

Cellular Location

Cytoplasm, cytosol
Endoplasmic reticulum membrane
Nucleus membrane
Translocates from the cytosol to the endoplasmic reticulum following acetylation by KAT5.

Involvement in disease

Myoglobinuria, acute recurrent, autosomal recessive (ARARM):
Recurrent myoglobinuria is characterized by recurrent attacks of rhabdomyolysis (necrosis or disintegration of skeletal muscle) associated with muscle pain and weakness and followed by excretion of myoglobin in the urine. Renal failure may occasionally occur.

PTM

Phosphorylated at multiple sites in response to insulin. Phosphorylation is controlled by the mTOR signaling pathway. Phosphorylation is decreased by epinephrine. Phosphorylation may not directly affect the catalytic activity but may regulate the localization. Dephosphorylated by the CTDNEP1-CNEP1R1 complex (By similarity).
Acetylation at Lys-425 and Lys-595 by KAT5 in response to fatty acids promotes translocation to the endoplasmic reticulum and synthesis of diacylglycerol.
Sumoylated.