EPO

This gene encodes a secreted, glycosylated cytokine composed of four alpha helical bundles. The encoded protein is mainly synthesized in the kidney, secreted into the blood plasma, and binds to the erythropoietin receptor to promote red blood cell production, or erythropoiesis, in the bone marrow. Expression of this gene is upregulated under hypoxic conditions, in turn leading to increased erythropoiesis and enhanced oxygen-carrying capacity of the blood. Expression of this gene has also been observed in brain and in the eye, and elevated expression levels have been observed in diabetic retinopathy and ocular hypertension. Recombinant forms of the encoded protein exhibit neuroprotective activity against a variety of potential brain injuries, as well as antiapoptotic functions in several tissue types, and have been used in the treatment of anemia and to enhance the efficacy of cancer therapies. [provided by RefSeq, Aug 2017]

Erythropoietin

Hormone involved in the regulation of erythrocyte proliferation and differentiation and the maintenance of a physiological level of circulating erythrocyte mass. Binds to EPOR leading to EPOR dimerization and JAK2 activation thereby activating specific downstream effectors, including STAT1 and STAT3.

Acute-phase response Source: Ensembl
Aging Source: Ensembl
Apoptotic process Source: Ensembl
Blood circulation Source: ProtInc
Cellular hyperosmotic response Source: BHF-UCL
Embryo implantation Source: Ensembl
Erythrocyte differentiation Source: BHF-UCL
Erythrocyte maturation Source: UniProtKB-KW
Erythropoietin-mediated signaling pathway Source: UniProtKB
Hemoglobin biosynthetic process Source: Ensembl
Negative regulation of calcium ion transport into cytosol Source: BHF-UCL
Negative regulation of cation channel activity Source: BHF-UCL
Negative regulation of erythrocyte apoptotic process Source: BHF-UCL
Negative regulation of intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway in response to osmotic stress Source: BHF-UCL
Negative regulation of neuron death Source: Ensembl
Negative regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II Source: BHF-UCL
Peptidyl-serine phosphorylation Source: Ensembl
Positive regulation of activated T cell proliferation Source: Ensembl
Positive regulation of cell population proliferation Source: BHF-UCL
Positive regulation of ERK1 and ERK2 cascade Source: Ensembl
Positive regulation of neuron differentiation Source: Ensembl
Positive regulation of neuron projection development Source: Ensembl
Positive regulation of Ras protein signal transduction Source: BHF-UCL
Positive regulation of transcription, DNA-templated Source: BHF-UCL
Positive regulation of tyrosine phosphorylation of STAT protein Source: BHF-UCL
Response to axon injury Source: Ensembl
Response to dexamethasone Source: Ensembl
Response to electrical stimulus Source: Ensembl
Response to estrogen Source: Ensembl
Response to hyperoxia Source: Ensembl
Response to hypoxia Source: Ensembl
Response to interleukin-1 Source: Ensembl
Response to lipopolysaccharide Source: Ensembl
Response to salt stress Source: Ensembl
Response to testosterone Source: Ensembl
Response to vitamin A Source: Ensembl
Signal transduction Source: ProtInc

Secreted

Microvascular complications of diabetes 2 (MVCD2):
Pathological conditions that develop in numerous tissues and organs as a consequence of diabetes mellitus. They include diabetic retinopathy, diabetic nephropathy leading to end-stage renal disease, and diabetic neuropathy. Diabetic retinopathy remains the major cause of new-onset blindness among diabetic adults. It is characterized by vascular permeability and increased tissue ischemia and angiogenesis.
Erythrocytosis, familial, 5 (ECYT5):
An autosomal dominant disorder characterized by elevated serum hemoglobin and hematocrit. Some patients have increased serum erythropoietin levels.
Diamond-Blackfan anemia-like (DBAL):
An autosomal recessive hematologic disease characterized by severe red cell hypoplastic anemia, selective absence of red cell precursors and progenitors seen on bone marrow biopsy, and increased serum erythropoietin.