IRF5

This gene encodes a member of the interferon regulatory factor (IRF) family, a group of transcription factors with diverse roles, including virus-mediated activation of interferon, and modulation of cell growth, differentiation, apoptosis, and immune system activity. Members of the IRF family are characterized by a conserved N-terminal DNA-binding domain containing tryptophan (W) repeats. Alternative promoter use and alternative splicing result in multiple transcript variants, and a 30-nt indel polymorphism (SNP rs60344245) can result in loss of a 10-aa segment. [provided by RefSeq, Dec 2016]

Interferon Regulatory Factor 5

Transcription factor that plays a critical role in innate immunity by activating expression of type I interferon (IFN) IFNA and INFB and inflammatory cytokines downstream of endolysosomal toll-like receptors TLR7, TLR8 and TLR9 (PubMed:11303025, PubMed:15695821, PubMed:22412986, PubMed:25326418, PubMed:32433612).
Regulates the transcription of type I IFN genes (IFN-alpha and IFN-beta) and IFN-stimulated genes (ISG) by binding to an interferon-stimulated response element (ISRE) in their promoters (By similarity).
Can efficiently activate both the IFN-beta (IFNB) and the IFN-alpha (IFNA) genes and mediate their induction downstream of the TLR-activated, MyD88-dependent pathway (By similarity).
Key transcription factor regulating the IFN response during SARS-CoV-2 infection (PubMed:33440148).

Cytokine-mediated signaling pathwayManual Assertion Based On ExperimentIDA:UniProtKB
Defense response to virusIEA:UniProtKB-KW
Immune system processManual Assertion Based On ExperimentIBA:GO_Central
Inflammatory responseIEA:UniProtKB-KW
Innate immune responseISS:UniProtKB
Positive regulation of apoptotic processManual Assertion Based On ExperimentIMP:BHF-UCL
Positive regulation of interferon-alpha production1 PublicationIC:BHF-UCL
Positive regulation of interferon-beta production1 PublicationIC:BHF-UCL
Positive regulation of interleukin-12 production1 PublicationIC:BHF-UCL
Positive regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase IIManual Assertion Based On ExperimentIDA:UniProtKB
Positive regulation of type I interferon productionManual Assertion Based On ExperimentIDA:UniProtKB
Regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase IIManual Assertion Based On ExperimentIBA:GO_Central
Response to muramyl dipeptideManual Assertion Based On ExperimentIDA:BHF-UCL
Response to peptidoglycanManual Assertion Based On ExperimentIDA:BHF-UCL

Cytoplasm; Nucleus. Shuttles between the nucleus and the cytoplasm: upon activation by the TLR adapter MYD88 and subsequent phosphorylation, translocates to the nucleus.

Inflammatory bowel disease 14 (IBD14):
A chronic, relapsing inflammation of the gastrointestinal tract with a complex etiology. It is subdivided into Crohn disease and ulcerative colitis phenotypes. Crohn disease may affect any part of the gastrointestinal tract from the mouth to the anus, but most frequently it involves the terminal ileum and colon. Bowel inflammation is transmural and discontinuous; it may contain granulomas or be associated with intestinal or perianal fistulas. In contrast, in ulcerative colitis, the inflammation is continuous and limited to rectal and colonic mucosal layers; fistulas and granulomas are not observed. Both diseases include extraintestinal inflammation of the skin, eyes, or joints.
Systemic lupus erythematosus 10 (SLEB10):
A chronic, relapsing, inflammatory, and often febrile multisystemic disorder of connective tissue, characterized principally by involvement of the skin, joints, kidneys and serosal membranes. It is of unknown etiology, but is thought to represent a failure of the regulatory mechanisms of the autoimmune system. The disease is marked by a wide range of system dysfunctions, an elevated erythrocyte sedimentation rate, and the formation of LE cells in the blood or bone marrow.
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA):
An inflammatory disease with autoimmune features and a complex genetic component. It primarily affects the joints and is characterized by inflammatory changes in the synovial membranes and articular structures, widespread fibrinoid degeneration of the collagen fibers in mesenchymal tissues, and by atrophy and rarefaction of bony structures.

Phosphorylation of serine and threonine residues by IKBKB in a C-terminal autoinhibitory region, stimulates dimerization, transport into the nucleus, assembly with the coactivator CBP/EP300 and initiation of transcription.
'Lys-63'-linked polyubiquitination by TRAF6 is required for activation.