PTPN4

The protein encoded by this gene is a member of the protein tyrosine phosphatase (PTP) family. PTPs are known to be signaling molecules that regulate a variety of cellular processes including cell growth, differentiation, mitotic cycle, and oncogenic transformation. This protein contains a C-terminal PTP domain and an N-terminal domain homologous to the band 4.1 superfamily of cytoskeletal-associated proteins. This PTP has been shown to interact with glutamate receptor delta 2 and epsilon subunits, and is thought to play a role in signalling downstream of the glutamate receptors through tyrosine dephosphorylation. [provided by RefSeq]

Full Name

protein tyrosine phosphatase, non-receptor type 4 (megakaryocyte)

Function

Phosphatase that plays a role in immunity, learning, synaptic plasticity or cell homeostasis (PubMed:25825441, PubMed:27246854).
Regulates neuronal cell homeostasis by protecting neurons against apoptosis (PubMed:20086240).
Negatively regulates TLR4-induced interferon beta production by dephosphorylating adapter TICAM2 and inhibiting subsequent TRAM-TRIF interaction (PubMed:25825441).
Dephosphorylates also the immunoreceptor tyrosine-based activation motifs/ITAMs of the TCR zeta subunit and thereby negatively regulates TCR-mediated signaling pathway (By similarity).
May act at junctions between the membrane and the cytoskeleton.

Biological Process

Peptidyl-tyrosine phosphorylationIEA:Ensembl
Protein dephosphorylationManual Assertion Based On ExperimentTAS:ProtInc

Cellular Location

Cell membrane
Cytoplasm, cytoskeleton
Cytoplasm

PTM

Highly phosphorylated on serine and threonine residues but not on tyrosines.
Cleaved and activated by calpain I/CAPN1.