SLC22A12

The protein encoded by this gene is a urate transporter and urate-anion exchanger which regulates the level of urate in the blood. This protein is an integral membrane protein primarily found in kidney. Two transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene. [provided by RefSeq]

solute carrier family 22 (organic anion/urate transporter), member 12

Electroneutral antiporter that translocates urate across the apical membrane of proximal tubular cells in exchange for monovalent organic or inorganic anions (PubMed:12024214, PubMed:22194875, PubMed:35144162, PubMed:35462902).
Involved in renal reabsorption of urate and helps maintaining blood levels of uric acid (PubMed:12024214, PubMed:22194875).
Mediates urate uptake by an exchange with organic anions such as (S)-lactate and nicotinate, and inorganic anion Cl- (PubMed:12024214).
Other inorganic anions such as Br-, I- and NO3- may also act as counteranions that exchange for urate (PubMed:12024214).
Also mediates orotate tubular uptake coupled with nicotinate efflux and to a lesser extent with lactate efflux, therefore displaying a potential role in orotate renal reabsorption (PubMed:21350910).
Orotate transport is Cl--dependent (PubMed:21350910).

Biological Process cellular homeostasis1 PublicationNAS:UniProtKB
Biological Process cellular response to insulin stimulusIEA:Ensembl
Biological Process organic anion transportManual Assertion Based On ExperimentIBA:GO_Central
Biological Process renal urate salt excretionIEA:Ensembl
Biological Process response to xenobiotic stimulusManual Assertion Based On ExperimentIDA:UniProtKB
Biological Process urate metabolic processManual Assertion Based On ExperimentIMP:BHF-UCL
Biological Process urate transportManual Assertion Based On ExperimentIDA:UniProtKB

Apical cell membrane

Hypouricemia renal 1 (RHUC1):
A disorder characterized by impaired uric acid reabsorption at the apical membrane of proximal renal tubule cells, and high urinary urate excretion. Patients often appear asymptomatic, but may be subject to exercise-induced acute renal failure, chronic renal dysfunction and nephrolithiasis.

N-glycosylated.