E2F1 Antibodies

Structure of E2F1

E2F1 is a transcription factor that plays a crucial role in cell cycle regulation, with a molecular weight of approximately 47 kDa. This protein consists of 437 amino acids and contains multiple functional domains, including the DNA binding domain, dimerization domain, transcription activation domain, and RB protein binding domain. The E2F1 protein in different species is highly conserved in sequence, especially in the DNA binding domain region, which is almost completely identical. This reflects its central position in cell cycle regulation. The table below shows the basic characteristics of E2F1 protein in several representative species:

The E2F1 protein recognizes specific promoter sequences through its DNA-binding domain, while its dimerization domain is responsible for forming heterodimers with DP family proteins, which is necessary for its efficient DNA binding. The transcriptional activation domain is rich in acidic amino acids and is responsible for recruiting transcriptional co-activators, while the RB binding domain mediates the interaction with the retinoblastoma protein to achieve precise regulation of the activity of this transcription factor. When the RB protein binds to the RB binding domain of E2F1, it masks its transcriptional activation domain, thereby inhibiting the expression of target genes; when the cell receives a growth signal, RB is phosphorylated and releases E2F1, exposing the transcriptional activation domain, which can then initiate the transcription of downstream genes. This ingenious structural design ensures the precise regulation of the cell cycle process.

Fig. 1 Main roles of E2F1 in metabolic tissues.¹

Key structural properties of E2F1:

• Contains a DNA-binding domain, responsible for recognizing specific gene sequences
• Has a dimerization domain, forming a complex with DP protein
• Abounds in transcriptional activation domains, initiating downstream gene expression
• Has an RB-binding motif, receiving cell cycle regulation signals

Functions of E2F1

The core function of E2F1 is to regulate the transcription of genes related to the cell cycle. However, it is also involved in various cellular physiological processes, including DNA damage response and apoptosis induction.

The transcriptional activity of E2F1 is strictly regulated by the cell cycle. When it binds to the RB protein, its function is inhibited; once released from the RB inhibition, it rapidly activates the target genes. This regulatory mechanism imbalance is closely related to the occurrence of various human cancers.

Applications of E2F1 and E2F1 Antibody in Literature

1. Denechaud, Pierre-Damien, Lluis Fajas, and Albert Giralt. "E2F1, a novel regulator of metabolism." Frontiers in endocrinology 8 (2017): 311. https://doi.org/10.3389/fendo.2017.00311

The research has found that E2F1 is not only a key factor regulating cell cycle, DNA damage response and apoptosis, but also involved in metabolic regulation. The latest study has discovered that the activity of E2F1 is enhanced in obesity, which affects the overall metabolic homeostasis through tissue-specific functions, and connects the cell cycle with metabolic adaptation in cancer.

2. Fouad, Shahd, David Hauton, and Vincenzo D'Angiolella. "E2F1: cause and consequence of DNA replication stress." Frontiers in molecular biosciences 7 (2021): 599332. https://doi.org/10.3389/fmolb.2020.599332

The research has found that E2F1 regulates the cell cycle and apoptosis, and its dysfunction can lead to tumors. This article explores how abnormal signals disrupt E2F1 transcription, causing DNA replication stress, and analyzes the dual roles and post-translational regulation of E2F1 under this stress, proposing potential therapeutic targets.

3. Dubrez, Laurence. "Regulation of E2F1 transcription factor by ubiquitin conjugation." International journal of molecular sciences 18.10 (2017): 2188. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms18102188

The research has found that the ubiquitination modification determines the stability, activity and localization of E2F1, enabling it to respond rapidly to physiological changes and stress. This article focuses on how this modification precisely regulates E2F1, a transcription factor with dual functions of promoting proliferation and inducing apoptosis.

4. Rocca, Maria Santa, et al. "E2F1 germline copy number variations and melanoma susceptibility." Journal of Translational Medicine 17.1 (2019): 181. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12967-019-1933-0

The study found that melanoma patients carry more copy number variations of the germline E2F1 gene, and heat stress can induce its expression. This indicates that both genetic and environmental factors jointly affect the susceptibility to melanoma, and E2F1 may become a potential therapeutic target.

5. Yuan, Ya-Jing, et al. "E2F1/CDK5/DRP1 axis mediates microglial mitochondrial division and autophagy in the pathogenesis of cerebral ischemia‐reperfusion injury." Clinical and Translational Medicine 15.2 (2025): e70197. https://doi.org/10.1002/ctm2.70197

The research has found that after cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury, E2F1 activates CDK5 transcription, leading to mitochondrial division and inflammation, thereby exacerbating nerve damage. Silencing E2F1 can improve prognosis and provide a new target for the treatment of brain injury.

Creative Biolabs: E2F1 Antibodies for Research

Creative Biolabs specializes in the production of high-quality E2F1 antibodies for research and industrial applications. Our portfolio includes monoclonal and polyclonal antibodies tailored for ELISA, Flow Cytometry, Western blot, immunohistochemistry, and other diagnostic methodologies.

• Custom E2F1 Antibody Development: Tailor-made solutions to meet specific research requirements.
• Bulk Production: Large-scale antibody manufacturing for industry partners.
• Technical Support: Expert consultation for protocol optimization and troubleshooting.
• Aliquoting Services: Conveniently sized aliquots for long-term storage and consistent experimental outcomes.

For more details on our E2F1 antibodies, custom preparations, or technical support, contact us at email.