Ebola Virus Viral Protein 40(VP 40)

Ebola Virus Viral Protein 40(VP 40)

Plays an essential role virus particle assembly and budding (PubMed:16719918, PubMed:33673144).

Acts by interacting with viral ribonucleocapsid and host members of the ESCRT (endosomal sorting complex required for transport) system such as host VPS4, PDCD6IP/ALIX, NEDD4 or TGS101 (PubMed:15892969, PubMed:16719918, PubMed:23637409, PubMed:25786915, PubMed:26753796, PubMed:27489272).

The interaction with host E3 ubiquitin ligase SMURF2 also facilitates virus budding (PubMed:33673144).

May play a role in immune cell dysfunction by being packaged into exosomes that can decrease the viability of recipient cells (via RNAi suppression and exosome-bystander apoptosis) (PubMed:27872619).

Intracellular transport of virus Source: CACAO
Mitigation of host immune response by virus Source: UniProtKB-KW
Suppression of host defenses by symbiont Source: CACAO
Viral budding Source: CACAO
Viral budding from plasma membrane Source: UniProtKB
Viral budding via host ESCRT complex Source: UniProtKB-KW

Host cytoplasm; Host cell membrane; Virion membrane; Host late endosome membrane; Host cell membrane; Host endomembrane system; Extracellular exosome. In virion, localizes on the inner side of the membrane. In the host cell, it is found associated with virus-induced membrane proliferation foci and probably also in multivesicular bodies. These VP40-enriched membrane clusters are then redistributed to the plasma membrane where budding takes place.

Sumoylated with host SUMO1, SUMO2. Sumoylation provides stability to VP40 (PubMed:27849047). Acetylated by host EP300 in vitro (PubMed:30205953).
Ubiquitinated by host WWP1. This modification mediates efficient viral budding.