GRIN2C Antibodies

Structure of GRIN2C

The protein encoded by the GRIN2C gene has a molecular weight of approximately 13.7 kDa. There is a slight variation among different species due to sequence differences. The following table lists the parameters of this protein in several model organisms:

The GluN2C subunit encoded by GRIN2C contains approximately 124 amino acids and mainly forms an extracellular N-terminal domain, four transmembrane segments, and an intracellular C-terminal tail. This protein assembles with other NMDA receptor subunits to form a hetero-tetrameric ion channel. The transmembrane regions form a selective pore that allows calcium ion influx. The extracellular domain contains a glycine binding site, while specific residues in the transmembrane region determine the gating properties and magnesium ion sensitivity of the channel. There are multiple phosphorylation sites in the protein structure, which regulate the channel activity and affect the synaptic transmission efficiency.

Fig. 1 Schematic representation of the GluN2C protein structure.¹

Key structural properties of GRIN2C:

• Encodes the GluN2C subunit, containing four transmembrane domains
• The extracellular N-terminal domain forms a ligand binding site
• The transmembrane regions constitute the ion channel pore
• The intracellular C-terminal contains a phosphorylation regulatory site
• Assembly with other NMDA receptor subunits into heterotetramers that mediate calcium influx

Functions of GRIN2C

The GluN2C subunit encoded by the GRIN2C gene mainly regulates the channel properties and synaptic functions of NMDA receptors, and is involved in various neurophysiological processes:

The activation of NMDA receptors requires the simultaneous binding of glutamate and glycine. The presence of the GluN2C subunit makes the receptor less sensitive to glutamate but more sensitive to glycine. This unique pharmacological property enables it to play a special role in the regulation of synaptic transmission.

Applications of GRIN2C and GRIN2C Antibody in Literature

1. Rubino, Elisa, et al. "Exome sequencing reveals a rare damaging variant in GRIN2C in familial late-onset Alzheimer's disease." Alzheimer's research & therapy 17.1 (2025): 21. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13195-024-01661-y

In this study, a rare missense variant p.(A1072V) in the GRIN2C gene was identified in an Italian late-onset Alzheimer's disease family. This variant enhances NMDAR current and membrane expression, and is co-localized with 14-3-3 protein, suggesting that abnormal glutamatergic signaling may be involved in the disease mechanism.

2. Xia, Yu, et al. "Inflammatory factor IL1α induces aberrant astrocyte proliferation in spinal cord injury through the Grin2c/Ca2+/CaMK2b pathway." Neuroscience Bulletin 40.4 (2024): 421-438. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12264-023-01128-4

The study found that after spinal cord injury, IL1α inhibits the Grin2c/Ca2+/CaMK2b pathway, thereby promoting abnormal proliferation of astrocytes. Neutralizing IL1α can upregulate Grin2c and inhibit this process, providing a new target for spinal cord injury repair.

3. Hernandez, Giovanni, et al. "Dorsal raphe stimulation relays a reward signal to the ventral tegmental area via GluN2C NMDA receptors." Plos one 18.11 (2023): e0293564. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0293564

The study found that the ventral tegmental area (VTA) of the midbrain is rich in the GluN2C subunit, and approximately half of the dopamine neurons express its gene. Downregulation of this subunit weakens the brain's stimulus reward effect, revealing its crucial role in mediating the glutamatergic reward signal transmission from the nucleus accumbens to the VTA.

4. Shelkar, Gajanan P., et al. "Differential effect of NMDA receptor GluN2C and GluN2D subunit ablation on behavior and channel blocker-induced schizophrenia phenotypes." Scientific Reports 9.1 (2019): 7572. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-019-43957-2

This study utilized pure knockout mice to compare the functions of the GluN2C/D subunits. The GluN2C knockout mice were insensitive to PCP-induced hyperactivity, and the effect of GluN2C/D enhancers in improving PPI defects was dependent on GluN2C, revealing its unique role in schizophrenia-like behaviors.

5. Teng, Huajing, et al. "Evolutionary mode and functional divergence of vertebrate NMDA receptor subunit 2 genes." PloS one 5.10 (2010): e13342. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0013342

The research reveals that the GRIN2 gene family in vertebrates generates four subtypes through two rounds of genome duplication, while fish have a unique duplication that produces additional copies. The functional divergence mainly occurs after the first round of duplication, with purifying selection playing a dominant role in its evolution, providing new insights into the mechanism of cognitive evolution.

Creative Biolabs: GRIN2C Antibodies for Research

Creative Biolabs specializes in the production of high-quality GRIN2C antibodies for research and industrial applications. Our portfolio includes monoclonal and polyclonal antibodies tailored for ELISA, Flow Cytometry, Western blot, immunohistochemistry, and other diagnostic methodologies.

• Custom GRIN2C Antibody Development: Tailor-made solutions to meet specific research requirements.
• Bulk Production: Large-scale antibody manufacturing for industry partners.
• Technical Support: Expert consultation for protocol optimization and troubleshooting.
• Aliquoting Services: Conveniently sized aliquots for long-term storage and consistent experimental outcomes.

For more details on our GRIN2C antibodies, custom preparations, or technical support, contact us at email.