POLB

POLB is a DNA polymerase involved in base excision and repair, also called gap-filling DNA synthesis. The encoded protein, acting as a monomer, is normally found in the cytoplasm, but it translocates to the nucleus upon DNA damage.

DNA Polymerase Beta

Repair polymerase that plays a key role in base-excision repair. Has 5'-deoxyribose-5-phosphate lyase (dRP lyase) activity that removes the 5' sugar phosphate and also acts as a DNA polymerase that adds one nucleotide to the 3' end of the arising single-nucleotide gap. Conducts 'gap-filling' DNA synthesis in a stepwise distributive fashion rather than in a processive fashion as for other DNA polymerases.

AgingIEA:Ensembl
Base-excision repairManual Assertion Based On ExperimentIDA:UniProtKB
Base-excision repair, gap-fillingTAS:Reactome
Cellular response to DNA damage stimulusManual Assertion Based On ExperimentIMP:UniProtKB
DNA repairManual Assertion Based On ExperimentTAS:ProtInc
DNA-templated DNA replicationManual Assertion Based On ExperimentTAS:ProtInc
Double-strand break repair via nonhomologous end joiningManual Assertion Based On ExperimentIBA:GO_Central
Homeostasis of number of cellsIEA:Ensembl
Immunoglobulin heavy chain V-D-J recombinationIEA:Ensembl
In utero embryonic developmentIEA:Ensembl
Inflammatory responseIEA:Ensembl
Intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway in response to DNA damageIEA:Ensembl
Lymph node developmentIEA:Ensembl
Neuron apoptotic processIEA:Ensembl
Pyrimidine dimer repairIEA:Ensembl
Response to ethanolIEA:Ensembl
Response to gamma radiationIEA:Ensembl
Response to hyperoxiaIEA:Ensembl
Salivary gland morphogenesisIEA:Ensembl
Somatic hypermutation of immunoglobulin genesIEA:Ensembl
Spleen developmentIEA:Ensembl

Nucleus
Cytoplasm
Cytoplasmic in normal conditions. Translocates to the nucleus following DNA damage.

Methylation by PRMT6 stimulates the polymerase activity by enhancing DNA binding and processivity.
Ubiquitinated at Lys-41, Lys-61 and Lys-81: monoubiquitinated by HUWE1/ARF-BP1. Monoubiquitinated protein is then the target of STUB1/CHIP, which catalyzes polyubiquitination from monoubiquitin, leading to degradation by the proteasome. USP47 mediates the deubiquitination of monoubiquitinated protein, preventing polyubiquitination by STUB1/CHIP and its subsequent degradation.