F5

This gene encodes an essential cofactor of the blood coagulation cascade. This factor circulates in plasma, and is converted to the active form by the release of the activation peptide by thrombin during coagulation. This generates a heavy chain and a light chain which are held together by calcium ions. The activated protein is a cofactor that participates with activated coagulation factor X to activate prothrombin to thrombin. Defects in this gene result in either an autosomal recessive hemorrhagic diathesis or an autosomal dominant form of thrombophilia, which is known as activated protein C resistance. [provided by RefSeq, Oct 2008]

Coagulation Factor V

Central regulator of hemostasis. It serves as a critical cofactor for the prothrombinase activity of factor Xa that results in the activation of prothrombin to thrombin.

Blood circulation Source: GO_Central
Blood coagulation Source: GO_Central

Secreted

Factor V deficiency (FA5D):
A blood coagulation disorder leading to a hemorrhagic diathesis known as parahemophilia.
Thrombophilia due to activated protein C resistance (THPH2):
A hemostatic disorder due to defective degradation of factor V by activated protein C. It is characterized by a poor anticoagulant response to activated protein C resulting in tendency to thrombosis.
Budd-Chiari syndrome (BDCHS):
A syndrome caused by obstruction of hepatic venous outflow involving either the hepatic veins or the terminal segment of the inferior vena cava. Obstructions are generally caused by thrombosis and lead to hepatic congestion and ischemic necrosis. Clinical manifestations observed in the majority of patients include hepatomegaly, right upper quadrant pain and abdominal ascites. Budd-Chiari syndrome is associated with a combination of disease states including primary myeloproliferative syndromes and thrombophilia due to factor V Leiden, protein C deficiency and antithrombin III deficiency. Budd-Chiari syndrome is a rare but typical complication in patients with polycythemia vera.
Ischemic stroke (ISCHSTR):
A stroke is an acute neurologic event leading to death of neural tissue of the brain and resulting in loss of motor, sensory and/or cognitive function. Ischemic strokes, resulting from vascular occlusion, is considered to be a highly complex disease consisting of a group of heterogeneous disorders with multiple genetic and environmental risk factors.
Pregnancy loss, recurrent, 1 (RPRGL1):
A common complication of pregnancy, resulting in spontaneous abortion before the fetus has reached viability. The term includes all miscarriages from the time of conception until 24 weeks of gestation. Recurrent pregnancy loss is defined as 3 or more consecutive spontaneous abortions.

Thrombin activates factor V proteolytically to the active cofactor, factor Va (formation of a heavy chain at the N-terminus and a light chain at the C-terminus).
Sulfation is required for efficient thrombin cleavage and activation and for full procoagulant activity.
Activated protein C inactivates factor V and factor Va by proteolytic degradation.
Phosphorylated by FAM20C in the extracellular medium.