GAS6 Antibodies

Background

GAS6 is a secreted vitamin K-dependent protein encoded by the growth arrest-specific gene. It is widely expressed in various tissues and cells of the human body. This protein mainly participates in regulating important biological processes such as cell proliferation, survival, migration, and immune regulation by binding and activating receptor tyrosine kinases such as TYRO3, AXL, and MER. Under physiological or pathological conditions such as tissue damage, inflammatory responses, and thrombosis, GAS6 can respond rapidly, promoting tissue repair and maintaining internal environmental stability. Since its identification in the early 1990s, GAS6 has received continuous attention due to its complex roles in tumor progression, fibrotic diseases, autoimmune disorders, and thrombosis inflammation. Its multifunctional molecular mechanism has become one of the hotspots in current translational medical research.

Structure Function Application Advantage Our Products

Structure of GAS6

GAS6 is a secreted glycoprotein with a molecular weight of approximately 75 kDa. Its actual molecular weight can fluctuate within the range of about 70-80 kDa due to different glycosylation modifications. This difference mainly results from post-translational modifications rather than significant variations in the amino acid sequence among different species.

Species	Human	Mouse	Rat
Molecular Weight (kDa)	~75	~74	~75
Primary Structural Differences	Contains the Gla domain, four EGF-like repeats, and two concatenated LG domains	The domain composition is highly conserved and has a high homology with humans	The sequence and function are highly similar to those of mammals

The GAS6 protein is composed of approximately 730 amino acids and has a clear structural feature: the N-terminal is the γ-carboxyglutamic acid (Gla) domain, which is responsible for binding to phospholipids; the middle segment contains four epidermal growth factor (EGF)-like repeat sequences; and the C-terminal consists of two tandem laminin G-like (LG) domains, which are the key regions for binding to receptors such as TYRO3, AXL, and MER. This modular tertiary structure enables it to precisely bridge exposed phospholipids (such as during cell damage) with TAM receptors on the cell membrane, thereby initiating downstream signaling pathways and regulating cell survival, proliferation, and migration.

Fig. 1 The structures of Gas6.¹

Key structural properties of GAS6:

Modular multi-domain configuration
The N-terminal γ -carboxylglutamic acid (Gla) domain mediates phospholipid binding
The C-terminal integrin G-like (LG) domain specifically recognizes TAM receptors
Epidermal growth factor (EGF) -like repeats connect and stabilize these functional domains

Functions of GAS6

The core function of the GAS6 protein is to act as an activating ligand for TAM receptor tyrosine kinases, mediating cell signal transduction. Additionally, it is widely involved in various physiological and pathological processes, including immune regulation, tissue repair, and thrombus stabilization.

Function	Description
Cell proliferation and survival regulation	By activating downstream pathways such as AKT and MAPK, it promotes cell survival and inhibits apoptosis, which is particularly crucial in the repair process after tissue damage.
Immune Regulation	It mediates the clearance of apoptotic cells by immune cells such as macrophages (autophagy), maintaining tissue homeostasis and inhibiting excessive inflammatory responses.
Thrombus and Inflammation Balance	After binding to phospholipids, it participates in the regulation of platelet activation and thrombus stability, and also plays a modulating role in vascular inflammatory responses.
Promotion of Organ Fibrosis	In chronic injury models of organs such as the lungs and liver, the continuous activation of the GAS6 signaling pathway can promote fibroblast activation and extracellular matrix deposition.
Tumor Progression Association	It is highly expressed in various cancers and drives disease progression by promoting tumor cell survival, migration, resistance, and regulating the tumor microenvironment.

The binding of GAS6 to its receptor AXL has a high affinity, and its dose-effect curve exhibits typical saturation characteristics, which is consistent with its role as a finely regulated signaling molecule, allowing it to effectively initiate downstream signaling networks at nanomolar concentrations.

Applications of GAS6 and GAS6 Antibody in Literature

1. Wu, Guiling, et al. "Molecular insights of Gas6/TAM in cancer development and therapy." Cell death & disease 8.3 (2017): e2700-e2700. https://doi.org/10.1038/cddis.2017.113

The article indicates that Gas6 regulates the proliferation, apoptosis and drug resistance of cancer cells through TAM receptors. It is highly expressed in various malignant tumors such as pancreatic cancer and leukemia, and suggests a poor prognosis. Targeting the Gas6/TAM pathway has become a new strategy for cancer treatment. This article reviews its role in tumor occurrence and development as well as the progress in treatment.

2. Wu, Guiling, et al. "Targeting Gas6/TAM in cancer cells and tumor microenvironment." Molecular cancer 17.1 (2018): 20. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12943-018-0769-1

The article indicates that the Gas6 protein regulates cell proliferation and migration by binding to TAM receptors. Recent studies have found that the Gas6/TAM signaling plays a crucial role in various cancers and tumor microenvironments, and its targeted therapy research provides a new direction for cancer treatment.

3. Tanaka, Mai, and Dietmar W. Siemann. "Gas6/Axl signaling pathway in the tumor immune microenvironment." Cancers 12.7 (2020): 1850. https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers12071850

The article indicates that the signaling pathway formed by receptor tyrosine kinase Axl and ligand Gas6 can promote tumor proliferation, invasion and immune evasion, and is associated with poor prognosis. This review focuses on the role of this pathway in shaping the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment, and explores its potential as a new therapeutic target.

4. Rizzi, Manuela, et al. "Gas6/TAM axis involvement in modulating inflammation and fibrosis in COVID-19 patients." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 24.2 (2023): 951. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms24020951

The article indicates that the Gas6/TAM signaling axis regulates inflammation and fibrosis. In severe cases of COVID-19, its dysregulation exacerbates inflammation and organ damage. Recent studies have revealed that Axl can drive SARS-CoV-2 infection, suggesting that existing Axl inhibitors may have therapeutic potential. This pathway is a potential pharmacological target for regulating fibrosis and COVID-19.

5. Mohammadzadeh, Pardis, and Gregory C. Amberg. "AXL/Gas6 signaling mechanisms in the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis." Frontiers in Endocrinology 14 (2023): 1212104. https://doi.org/10.3389/fendo.2023.1212104

The article indicates that the receptor tyrosine kinase AXL and its ligand Gas6 are key regulatory factors in neuroendocrine development. This signaling pathway affects the multi-level functions from the brain to the gonads, regulates the migration of GnRH neurons and hormone production, and its abnormalities are associated with reproductive diseases and can be a potential therapeutic target.

Creative Biolabs: GAS6 Antibodies for Research

Creative Biolabs specializes in the production of high-quality GAS6 antibodies for research and industrial applications. Our portfolio includes monoclonal antibodies tailored for ELISA, Flow Cytometry, Western blot, immunohistochemistry, and other diagnostic methodologies.

Custom GAS6 Antibody Development: Tailor-made solutions to meet specific research requirements.
Bulk Production: Large-scale antibody manufacturing for industry partners.
Technical Support: Expert consultation for protocol optimization and troubleshooting.
Aliquoting Services: Conveniently sized aliquots for long-term storage and consistent experimental outcomes.

For more details on our GAS6 antibodies, custom preparations, or technical support, contact us at email.

Reference

Wu, Guiling, et al. "Molecular insights of Gas6/TAM in cancer development and therapy." Cell death & disease 8.3 (2017): e2700-e2700. https://doi.org/10.1038/cddis.2017.113