IRGM

This gene encodes a member of the p47 immunity-related GTPase family. The encoded protein may play a role in the innate immune response by regulating autophagy formation in response to intracellular pathogens. Polymorphisms that affect the normal expression of this gene are associated with a susceptibility to Crohn's disease and tuberculosis. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants encoding different isoforms.

Full Name

Immunity Related GTPase M

Function

Putative GTPase which is required for clearance of acute protozoan and bacterial infections. Functions in innate immune response probably through regulation of autophagy. May regulate proinflammatory cytokine production and prevent endotoxemia upon infection. May also play a role in macrophages adhesion and motility (By similarity).

Biological Process

Autophagosome assemblyManual Assertion Based On ExperimentIMP:UniProtKB
CAMKK-AMPK signaling cascadeManual Assertion Based On ExperimentIMP:UniProtKB
Cellular response to interferon-betaManual Assertion Based On ExperimentIBA:GO_Central
Cellular response to lipopolysaccharideManual Assertion Based On ExperimentIMP:UniProtKB
Cellular response to virusManual Assertion Based On ExperimentIMP:UniProtKB
Defense responseManual Assertion Based On ExperimentIBA:GO_Central
Defense response to bacteriumManual Assertion Based On ExperimentIMP:UniProtKB
Defense response to Gram-negative bacteriumManual Assertion Based On ExperimentIMP:UniProtKB
Inflammatory responseIEA:UniProtKB-KW
Innate immune responseManual Assertion Based On ExperimentIMP:UniProtKB
Nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain containing 2 signaling pathwayManual Assertion Based On ExperimentIMP:UniProtKB
Positive regulation of autophagosome maturationManual Assertion Based On ExperimentIMP:UniProtKB
Positive regulation of autophagyManual Assertion Based On ExperimentIMP:UniProtKB
Positive regulation of interferon-gamma-mediated signaling pathwayManual Assertion Based On ExperimentIMP:UniProtKB
Positive regulation of peptidyl-serine phosphorylationManual Assertion Based On ExperimentIMP:UniProtKB
Positive regulation of peptidyl-threonine phosphorylationManual Assertion Based On ExperimentIMP:UniProtKB
Positive regulation of protein phosphorylationManual Assertion Based On ExperimentIMP:UniProtKB
Positive regulation of protein serine/threonine kinase activityManual Assertion Based On ExperimentIMP:UniProtKB
Protein destabilizationManual Assertion Based On ExperimentIMP:UniProtKB
Protein lipidation involved in autophagosome assemblyManual Assertion Based On ExperimentIMP:UniProtKB
Protein stabilizationManual Assertion Based On ExperimentIMP:UniProtKB
Regulation of protein complex stabilityManual Assertion Based On ExperimentIMP:UniProtKB
Regulation of protein-containing complex assemblyManual Assertion Based On ExperimentIMP:UniProtKB

Cellular Location

Golgi apparatus membrane; Cell membrane; Cytoplasmic vesicle, phagosome membrane; Cytoplasmic vesicle, autophagosome membrane; Cell projection, phagocytic cup. Behaves like an integral membrane protein. Recruited to the plasma membrane around forming phagocytic cups, it remains associated with maturing autophagosomes. Preferentially associated with cis- and medial-Golgi.

Involvement in disease

Inflammatory bowel disease 19 (IBD19):
A chronic, relapsing inflammation of the gastrointestinal tract with a complex etiology. It is subdivided into Crohn disease and ulcerative colitis phenotypes. Crohn disease may affect any part of the gastrointestinal tract from the mouth to the anus, but most frequently it involves the terminal ileum and colon. Bowel inflammation is transmural and discontinuous; it may contain granulomas or be associated with intestinal or perianal fistulas. In contrast, in ulcerative colitis, the inflammation is continuous and limited to rectal and colonic mucosal layers; fistulas and granulomas are not observed. Both diseases include extraintestinal inflammation of the skin, eyes, or joints.