PTPRD

The protein encoded by this gene is a member of the protein tyrosine phosphatase (PTP) family. PTPs are known to be signaling molecules that regulate a variety of cellular processes including cell growth, differentiation, mitotic cycle, and oncogenic transformation. This PTP contains an extracellular region, a single transmembrane segment and two tandem intracytoplasmic catalytic domains, and thus represents a receptor-type PTP. The extracellular region of this protein is composed of three Ig-like and eight fibronectin type III-like domains. Studies of the similar genes in chicken and fly suggest the role of this PTP is in promoting neurite growth, and regulating neurons axon guidance. Multiple alternatively spliced transcript variants of this gene have been reported. A related pseudogene has been identified on chromosome 5.

protein tyrosine phosphatase receptor type D

Neuroscience,Signal transduction

Can bidirectionally induce pre- and post-synaptic differentiation of neurons by mediating interaction with IL1RAP and IL1RAPL1 trans-synaptically. Involved in pre-synaptic differentiation through interaction with SLITRK2.

Cell surface receptor protein tyrosine phosphatase signaling pathway
Cellular response to hypoxia
Cellular response to platelet-derived growth factor stimulus
Heterophilic cell-cell adhesion via plasma membrane cell adhesion molecules
Modulation of chemical synaptic transmission
Negative regulation of receptor signaling pathway via JAK-STAT
Neuron differentiation
Phosphate-containing compound metabolic process
Positive regulation of dendritic spine morphogenesis
Positive regulation of synapse assembly
Presynapse assembly
Presynaptic membrane assembly
Regulation of immune response
Regulation of postsynaptic density assembly
Signal transduction
Synaptic membrane adhesion
Trans-synaptic signaling by trans-synaptic complex

Membrane ; Single-pass type I membrane protein

Extracellular: 21-1265
Helical: 1266-1290
Cytoplasmic: 1291-1912

A cleavage occurs, separating the extracellular domain from the transmembrane segment. This process called 'ectodomain shedding' is thought to be involved in receptor desensitization, signal transduction and/or membrane localization.