S100B Antibodies

Structure of S100B

S100B is a calcium-binding protein with a molecular weight of approximately 10.4 kDa. Its precise molecular weight varies slightly among different species due to differences in amino acid composition.

This protein is a dimer formed by two identical subunits through cysteine, and its three-dimensional structure contains four α -helices and two EF hand structure mods. Each subunit can bind to two calcium ions through a hydrophobic pocket, and the conformational change exposes the target binding site. The C-terminal extension region contains specific residues that interact with p53, and disulfide bonds play a decisive role in maintaining the stability of the protein's quaternary structure.

Fig. 1 Schematic diagram of the endogenous and exogenous sources of S100B.¹

Key structural properties of S100B:

• Stable homodimer configuration
• Each subunit contains two EF hand calcium-binding motifs
• Conformational changes induced by calcium ions expose hydrophobic binding sites

Functions of S100B

The core function of the S100B protein is to maintain intracellular calcium homeostasis and participate in signal transduction, while it exhibits dual biological activity at different concentrations.

The biological effects of S100B show a significant concentration dependence: at low concentrations, it exerts neurotrophic and protective effects, while at high concentrations, it exhibits pro-inflammatory and neurotoxic properties. This dual characteristic is known as the "S100B paradox".

Applications of S100B and S100B Antibody in Literature

1. Oris, Charlotte, et al. "S100B, actor and biomarker of mild traumatic brain injury." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 24.7 (2023): 6602. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms24076602

The article indicates that S100B is a key biomarker in the diagnosis and treatment of mild brain injury. Its detection in the acute phase can help reduce unnecessary imaging examinations and hospitalizations, and may become a potential therapeutic target.

2. Zheng, Zhen, Peng Zheng, and Xiaobing Zou. "Peripheral blood S100B levels in autism spectrum disorder: a systematic review and meta-analysis." Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders 51.8 (2021): 2569-2577. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10803-020-04710-1

This study, through meta-analysis, found that the level of S100B protein in the peripheral blood of patients with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) was significantly higher than that of healthy people, indicating that S100B has the potential to become a biomarker for the auxiliary diagnosis of ASD.

3. Michetti, Fabrizio, and Vincenzo Romano Spica. "The "Jekyll Side" of the S100B Protein: Its Trophic Action in the Diet." Nutrients 17.5 (2025): 881. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu17050881

The article indicates that the function of S100B protein has a dual nature of concentration: at low concentrations, it exerts beneficial neurotrophic effects, while at high concentrations, it produces pro-inflammatory/toxic effects. The latest research has found that it exists as a nutrient in breast milk and functions by influencing the microbiota, providing a new direction for the study of its functions.

4. Lai, Pui Man Rosalind, and Rose Du. "Association between S100B levels and long-term outcome after aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage: systematic review and pooled analysis." PLoS One 11.3 (2016): e0151853. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0151853

Studies have shown that elevated serum S100B protein levels are significantly associated with the risk of cerebral infarction and poor prognosis in patients with aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage, suggesting that S100B can serve as a potential biomarker for evaluating the prognosis of this disease.

5. Teurneau-Hermansson, Karl, et al. "S100B predicts neurological injury and 30-day mortality following surgery for acute type A aortic dissection: an observational cohort study." Journal of Cardiothoracic Surgery 18.1 (2023): 62. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13019-023-02151-2

Research has found that the serum S100B level 24 hours after surgery is A strong independent predictor of nerve injury and 30-day mortality after type A aortic dissection surgery. The risk significantly increases when the level is ≥0.23μg/l.

Creative Biolabs: S100B Antibodies for Research

Creative Biolabs specializes in the production of high-quality S100B antibodies for research and industrial applications. Our portfolio includes monoclonal antibodies tailored for ELISA, Flow Cytometry, Western blot, immunohistochemistry, and other diagnostic methodologies.

• Custom S100B Antibody Development: Tailor-made solutions to meet specific research requirements.
• Bulk Production: Large-scale antibody manufacturing for industry partners.
• Technical Support: Expert consultation for protocol optimization and troubleshooting.
• Aliquoting Services: Conveniently sized aliquots for long-term storage and consistent experimental outcomes.

For more details on our S100B antibodies, custom preparations, or technical support, contact us at email.