SLC1A3 Antibodies

Background

The SLC1A3 gene encodes a sodium-dependent glutamate/aspartate transporter, which is mainly expressed in astrocytes of the central nervous system and is also present in various tissues such as cardiac muscle and skeletal muscle. This protein takes up glutamate in the synaptic cleft, terminates neurotransmitter signals and prevents excitotoxicity, playing a crucial role in maintaining the homeostasis of the central nervous system. Abnormal function of this protein is closely related to various neurological diseases such as Alzheimer's disease, ischemic stroke, and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. In 1992, Storck et al. first cloned the SLC1A3 gene from the rat brain. Subsequent analysis of its crystal structure revealed a unique hairpin helix transmembrane transport mechanism, providing an important model for understanding the conformational changes and substrate recognition of the glutamate transporter family.

Structure Function Application Advantage Our Products

Structure of SLC1A3

The glutamate transporter encoded by SLC1A3 has a molecular weight of approximately 65 kDa and varies among different species.

The full-length human SLC1A3 contains 542 amino acids and consists of 8 transmembrane helices and two hairpin domains. The transporter achieves transmembrane transport of substrates by alternately opening the hairpin structure, and its C-terminal scaffold domain maintains the overall conformational stability. The highly conserved NMD motif is sequence-consistent in mammals and is responsible for sodium ion binding; amino acid substitutions in the extracellular loop region of some species may affect the glycosylation site.

Fig. 1 A hypothesis model depicting how SLC1A3 regulates p‐AKT.¹

Key structural properties of SLC1A3:

Eight transmembrane topology
Hairpin-like folded helix forms the substrate binding groove
Conserved NMD motif facilitates sodium ion transport

Functions of SLC1A3

The main function of SLC1A3 is to remove glutamate from the synaptic cleft. However, it is also involved in various physiological processes, including amino acid balance and regulation of oxidative stress.

Function	Description
Glutamate uptake	SLC1A3 pumps glutamate from the synaptic cleft into glial cells, terminating neural signal transmission.
Excitotoxicity protection	By reducing extracellular glutamate concentration, it prevents excessive neuronal excitation and damage.
Energy metabolism support	The taken-in glutamate can be converted into glutamine, participating in the metabolic coupling between astrocytes and neurons.
Ischemia protection	Early in cerebral ischemia, it enhances glutamate uptake to delay the progression of neuronal damage.
Developmental regulation	It participates in synaptic formation and functional maturation during the development of the nervous system.

The transport kinetics of SLC1A3 is characterized by the sodium-dependent inward current recorded by electrophysiological methods, with a high substrate affinity, which is suitable for maintaining the extracellular glutamate homeostasis at physiological low concentrations.

Applications of SLC1A3 and SLC1A3 Antibody in Literature

1. Xu, Liyi, et al. "RETRACTED: SLC1A3 promotes gastric cancer progression via the PI3K/AKT signalling pathway." Journal of cellular and molecular medicine 24.24 (2020): 14392-14404. https://doi.org/10.1111/jcmm.16060

The article indicates that SLC1A3 is overexpressed in gastric cancer and promotes sugar metabolism and tumor growth by activating the PI3K/AKT pathway. It is associated with poor prognosis and can be a potential therapeutic target.

2. Sun, Jianhui, et al. "SLC1A3 contributes to L‐asparaginase resistance in solid tumors." The EMBO journal 38.21 (2019): e102147. https://doi.org/10.15252/embj.2019102147

The research has found that SLC1A3 mediates the resistance of cancer cells to L-asparaginase by supplementing aspartic acid and glutamic acid, and promotes tumor progression. Inhibiting SLC1A3 can reverse the resistance, providing a new target for enhancing the therapeutic effect of solid tumors.

3. Ghosh, Madhumita, et al. "SLC1A3 C3590T but not BDNF G196A is a predisposition factor for stress as well as depression, in an adolescent eastern Indian population." BMC Medical Genetics 21.1 (2020): 53. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12881-020-0993-6

This study confirmed that in the population of eastern India, the C3590T polymorphism of the SLC1A3 gene was significantly associated with stress and depression risk (OR = 2.072). The T allele of this polymorphism could increase the risk of illness by more than twice. However, the SLC1A3 G869C and BDNF G196A did not show any association.

4. Wu, Qianyi, et al. "Ataxia-linked SLC1A3 mutations alter EAAT1 chloride channel activity and glial regulation of CNS function." The Journal of Clinical Investigation 132.7 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1172/JCI154891

This study reveals that in addition to the previously known increase in chloride channel activity, the reduction in chloride channel activity caused by SLC1A3 (EAAT1) gene mutations can also lead to episodic ataxia type 6 (EA6), emphasizing the crucial role of glial cell chloride homeostasis in the function of the central nervous system, and suggesting that EA6 is essentially a glial cell ion channel disorder.

5. Tajan, Mylene, et al. "A role for p53 in the adaptation to glutamine starvation through the expression of SLC1A3." Cell metabolism 28.5 (2018): 721-736. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cmet.2018.07.005

This study reveals that when glutamine is deficient, the tumor suppressor protein p53 upregulates the expression of the transporter SLC1A3, using aspartic acid to maintain cellular metabolism and survival, and promoting tumor growth. Inhibiting SLC1A3 can slow down tumor progression and has therapeutic potential.

Creative Biolabs: SLC1A3 Antibodies for Research

Creative Biolabs specializes in the production of high-quality SLC1A3 antibodies for research and industrial applications. Our portfolio includes monoclonal and polyclonal antibodies tailored for ELISA, Flow Cytometry, Western blot, immunohistochemistry, and other diagnostic methodologies.

Custom SLC1A3 Antibody Development: Tailor-made solutions to meet specific research requirements.
Bulk Production: Large-scale antibody manufacturing for industry partners.
Technical Support: Expert consultation for protocol optimization and troubleshooting.
Aliquoting Services: Conveniently sized aliquots for long-term storage and consistent experimental outcomes.

For more details on our SLC1A3 antibodies, custom preparations, or technical support, contact us at info@creative-biolabs.com.

Reference

Xu, Liyi, et al. "RETRACTED: SLC1A3 promotes gastric cancer progression via the PI3K/AKT signalling pathway." Journal of cellular and molecular medicine 24.24 (2020): 14392-14404. Distributed under Open Access license CC BY 4.0, without modification. https://doi.org/10.1111/jcmm.16060