tac1 Antibodies

Structure of tac1

The precursor of substance P encoded by the Tac1 gene is a neuropeptide with a molecular weight of approximately 13-15 kDa. This protein has highly conserved sequence characteristics among different species, and its biological activity mainly depends on the characteristic sequence at the C-terminal.

This precursor protein is processed through proteolysis to generate biologically active substance P (11 amino acids). Its spatial conformation is flexible and randomly curled in the free state, but forms a stable β -turn when binding to the neurokinin-1 receptor. The phenylalanine-phenylalanine-glycine-leucine-methionine amide sequence at the C-terminal constitutes the receptor binding core, among which the phenylalanine at position 7 and the methionine at position 8 are crucial for receptor activation. The N-terminal region stabilizes the binding of the peptide to the receptor through charge interaction.

Fig. 1 Model depicting the interaction of TAC1-AAD and TBP.¹

Key structural properties of tac1:

• Typical random flexible conformation with a neuropeptide precursor
• The C-terminal region contains a highly conserved receptor-binding motif
• Characteristic FFGLM five peptide sequence constitutes active center
• Phenylalanine (7) and methionine (8) play a decisive role in receptor activation

Functions of tac1

The main function of the Tac1 gene is to encode the neuropeptide P substance, which acts as an endogenous ligand of the neurokinin receptor and participates in various physiological processes. In addition, it also involves neurogenic inflammation, pain signal transduction and stress response regulation.

Unlike the multifunctional properties of most neuropeptides, other members of the tachykinin family, such as neurokinin A, are mainly involved in smooth muscle contraction. This functional specificity stems from the unique receptor selectivity and distribution pattern of substance P, making it an important molecular bridge connecting sensory nerves and the immune system.

Applications of tac1 and tac1 Antibody in Literature

1. He, Zi-Xuan, et al. "A nucleus accumbens Tac1 neural circuit regulates avoidance responses to aversive stimuli." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 24.5 (2023): 4346. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms24054346

Research has found that Tac1 neurons in the medial shell of the nucleus accumbens can sense aversive stimuli and drive avoidance behaviors. It regulates this motivational behavior through the Tac1→ lateral hypothalamus pathway and by receiving excitatory inputs from the prefrontal cortex.

2. Lloyd, Elliot, et al. "Tac1 Deficiency Reduces the Severity of Enteric Bacterial Infection." bioRxiv (2025). https://doi.org/10.1101/2025.05.27.656414

Research has found that in Citrobacter rodents infection, the intestinal pathogen load in Tac1 gene-deficient mice is significantly reduced, the inflammatory response is weakened, and the recruitment of specific immune cells to the colon is decreased, indicating that sensory neuropeptides can regulate the host's immune response to intestinal infection.

3. Jain, Tushar, et al. "Molecular dissection studies of TAC1, a transcription activator of Candida drug resistance genes of the human pathogenic fungus Candida albicans." Frontiers in Microbiology 14 (2023): 994873. https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2023.994873

Research has found that the transcription factor Tac1p of Candida albicans regulates the expression of the ABC transporter by binding to the CDR gene promoter at the N-terminal, recruiting TBP at the C-terminal, and potentially serving as an exogenous binding domain in the middle section, thereby driving multidrug resistance to azole drugs.

4. Xu, Hai, et al. "LOC134466 methylation promotes oncogenesis of endometrial carcinoma through LOC134466/hsa-miR-196a-5p/TAC1 axis." Aging (albany NY) 10.11 (2018): 3353. https://doi.org/10.18632/aging.101644

Studies have found that in endometrial cancer, highly methylated LOC134466 upregates TAC1 by adsorbing hsa-miR-196a-5p, thereby activating the neuroactive ligand-receptor interaction pathway and ultimately promoting tumor progression.

5. Chen, Yu‐Ling, et al. "Phox2a in Lateral Spinal Nucleus Tac1‐Positive Neurons Mediates Histamine‐Independent Acute Itch." CNS Neuroscience & Therapeutics 31.11 (2025): e70639.https://doi.org/10.1111/cns.70639

Research has found that neurons expressing Tac1 in the lateral nucleus of the spinal cord dominate histamine-independent pruritus. Phox2a within it inhibits pruritus by regulating presynaptic excitability, providing a new target for the treatment of this type of pruritus.

Creative Biolabs: tac1 Antibodies for Research

Creative Biolabs specializes in the production of high-quality tac1 antibodies for research and industrial applications. Our portfolio includes monoclonal antibodies tailored for ELISA, Flow Cytometry, Western blot, immunohistochemistry, and other diagnostic methodologies.

• Custom tac1 Antibody Development: Tailor-made solutions to meet specific research requirements.
• Bulk Production: Large-scale antibody manufacturing for industry partners.
• Technical Support: Expert consultation for protocol optimization and troubleshooting.
• Aliquoting Services: Conveniently sized aliquots for long-term storage and consistent experimental outcomes.

For more details on our tac1 antibodies, custom preparations, or technical support, contact us at email.