PTPRA

The protein encoded by this gene is a member of the protein tyrosine phosphatase (PTP) family. PTPs are known to be signaling molecules that regulate a variety of cellular processes including cell growth, differentiation, mitotic cycle, and oncogenic transformation. This PTP contains an extracellular domain, a single transmembrane segment and two tandem intracytoplasmic catalytic domains, and thus represents a receptor-type PTP. This PTP has been shown to dephosphorylate and activate Src family tyrosine kinases, and is implicated in the regulation of integrin signaling, cell adhesion and proliferation. Three alternatively spliced variants of this gene, which encode two distinct isoforms, have been reported.

Full Name

protein tyrosine phosphatase, receptor type, A

Function

Tyrosine protein phosphatase which is involved in integrin-mediated focal adhesion formation (By similarity).
Following integrin engagement, specifically recruits BCAR3, BCAR1 and CRK to focal adhesions thereby promoting SRC-mediated phosphorylation of BRAC1 and the subsequent activation of PAK and small GTPase RAC1 and CDC42 (By similarity).

Biological Process

Insulin receptor signaling pathwayIEA:Ensembl
Integrin-mediated signaling pathwayISS:UniProtKB
Modulation of chemical synaptic transmissionIEA:Ensembl
Protein dephosphorylationManual Assertion Based On ExperimentIBA:GO_Central
Protein phosphorylationIEA:Ensembl
Regulation of focal adhesion assemblyISS:UniProtKB

Cellular Location

Cell membrane
Cell junction, focal adhesion
Localizes to focal adhesion sites following integrin engagement.

Topology

Extracellular: 20-151
Helical: 152-174
Cytoplasmic: 175-802

PTM

Integrin binding to extracellular matrix induces phosphorylation at Tyr-798 which induces PTPRA localization and recruitment of BCAR3, BCAR1 and CRK to focal adhesions.