SULT2A1

Hydroxysteroid sulfotransferase (SULT2A1 ) is a key enzyme in the testicular and hepatic metabolism of5alpha-androstenone, which is a major component of the off-odor and off-flavorin pork known as boar taint. Sulfotransferase enzymes catalyze the sulfateconjugation of many hormones, neurotransmitters, drugs, and xenobioticcompounds. These cytosolic enzymes are different in their tissue distributionsand substrate specificities. The gene structure (number and length of exons) issimilar among family members. SULT2A1 is a sulfo-conjugating phase II enzymeexpressed at very high levels in the liver and intestine, the two majorfirst-pass metabolic tissues, and in the steroidogenic adrenal tissue. SULT2A1acts preferentially on the hydroxysteroids dehydroepiandrosterone,testosterone/dihydrotestosterone, and pregnenolone and on cholesterol-derivedamphipathic sterol bile acids.

SULT2A1

Sulfotransferase that utilizes 3'-phospho-5'-adenylyl sulfate (PAPS) as sulfonate donor to catalyze the sulfonation of steroids and bile acids in the liver and adrenal glands. Mediates the sulfation of a wide range of steroids and sterols, including pregnenolone, androsterone, DHEA, bile acids, cholesterol and as well many xenobiotics that contain alcohol and phenol functional groups (PubMed:7678732, PubMed:2268288, PubMed:14573603, PubMed:18042734, PubMed:19589875, PubMed:21187059, PubMed:29671343, PubMed:7854148).
Sulfonation increases the water solubility of most compounds, and therefore their renal excretion, but it can also result in bioactivation to form active metabolites. Plays an important role in maintening steroid and lipid homeostasis (PubMed:21187059, PubMed:19589875, PubMed:14573603).
Plays a key role in bile acid metabolism (PubMed:2268288).
In addition, catalyzes the metabolic activation of potent carcinogenic polycyclic arylmethanols (By similarity).

Biological Process 3'-phosphoadenosine 5'-phosphosulfate metabolic processManual Assertion Based On ExperimentIDA:CAFA
Biological Process bile acid catabolic processIEA:UniProtKB-KW
Biological Process cholesterol metabolic processManual Assertion Based On ExperimentIDA:UniProtKB
Biological Process ethanol catabolic processManual Assertion Based On ExperimentIDA:CAFA
Biological Process lipid catabolic processIEA:UniProtKB-KW
Biological Process steroid metabolic processManual Assertion Based On ExperimentIDA:GO_Central
Biological Process sulfationManual Assertion Based On ExperimentIDA:BHF-UCL
Biological Process thyroid hormone metabolic processManual Assertion Based On ExperimentIDA:UniProtKB
Biological Process xenobiotic metabolic processManual Assertion Based On ExperimentIDA:UniProtKB

Cytoplasm

The N-terminus is blocked.