PLK2

PLK2 (Polo Like Kinase 2) is a protein coding gene. Diseases associated with PLK2 include Kummell's Disease. Among its related pathways are Gene Expression and FoxO signaling pathway. Gene Ontology annotations related to this gene include transferase activity, transferring phosphorus-containing groups and protein tyrosine kinase activity. An important paralog of the gene is PLK3.

Full Name

Polo like kinase 2

Function

Tumor suppressor serine/threonine-protein kinase involved in synaptic plasticity, centriole duplication and G1/S phase transition. Polo-like kinases act by binding and phosphorylating proteins are that already phosphorylated on a specific motif recognized by the POLO box domains. Phosphorylates CENPJ, NPM1, RAPGEF2, RASGRF1, SNCA, SIPA1L1 and SYNGAP1. Plays a key role in synaptic plasticity and memory by regulating the Ras and Rap protein signaling: required for overactivity-dependent spine remodeling by phosphorylating the Ras activator RASGRF1 and the Rap inhibitor SIPA1L1 leading to their degradation by the proteasome. Conversely, phosphorylates the Rap activator RAPGEF2 and the Ras inhibitor SYNGAP1, promoting their activity. Also regulates synaptic plasticity independently of kinase activity, via its interaction with NSF that disrupts the interaction between NSF and the GRIA2 subunit of AMPARs, leading to a rapid rundown of AMPAR-mediated current that occludes long term depression. Required for procentriole formation and centriole duplication by phosphorylating CENPJ and NPM1, respectively. Its induction by p53/TP53 suggests that it may participate in the mitotic checkpoint following stress.

Biological Process

DNA damage response, signal transduction by p53 class mediator resulting in cell cycle arrestTAS:Reactome
G1/S transition of mitotic cell cycleManual Assertion Based On ExperimentIMP:UniProtKB
Long-term synaptic depressionISS:UniProtKB
Long-term synaptic potentiationISS:UniProtKB
MemoryISS:UniProtKB
Mitotic cell cycleManual Assertion Based On ExperimentIBA:GO_Central
Mitotic spindle organizationManual Assertion Based On ExperimentIDA:UniProtKB
Negative regulation of angiogenesisIEA:Ensembl
Negative regulation of apoptotic processISS:UniProtKB
Negative regulation of apoptotic process in bone marrow cellIEA:Ensembl
Negative regulation of cellular senescenceIEA:Ensembl
Negative regulation of inflammatory response to antigenic stimulusTAS:Reactome
Peptidyl-serine phosphorylationManual Assertion Based On ExperimentIDA:ParkinsonsUK-UCL
Positive regulation of autophagyManual Assertion Based On ExperimentIDA:ParkinsonsUK-UCL
Positive regulation of cell migration involved in sprouting angiogenesisIEA:Ensembl
Positive regulation of I-kappaB kinase/NF-kappaB signalingManual Assertion Based On ExperimentHMP:UniProtKB
Positive regulation of protein catabolic processManual Assertion Based On ExperimentIDA:ParkinsonsUK-UCL
Protein phosphorylationManual Assertion Based On ExperimentIDA:UniProtKB
Rap protein signal transductionISS:UniProtKB
Ras protein signal transductionISS:UniProtKB
Regulation of centriole replicationManual Assertion Based On ExperimentIDA:UniProtKB
Regulation of cytokinesisManual Assertion Based On ExperimentIBA:GO_Central
Regulation of synaptic plasticityISS:UniProtKB

Cellular Location

Cytoplasm, cytoskeleton, microtubule organizing center, centrosome, centriole
Cell projection, dendrite
Localizes to centrosomes during early G1 phase where it only associates to the mother centriole and then distributes equally to both mother and daughter centrioles at the onset of S phase.

PTM

Catalytic activity is enhanced by phosphorylation of Thr-239.