PRDX2

This gene encodes a member of the peroxiredoxin family of antioxidant enzymes, which reduce hydrogen peroxide and alkyl hydroperoxides. The encoded protein plays an antioxidant protective role in cells, and it may contribute to the antiviral activity of CD8(+) T-cells. The crystal structure of this protein has been resolved to 2.7 angstroms. This protein prevents hemolytic anemia from oxidative stress by stabilizing hemoglobin, thus making this gene a therapeutic target for patients with hemolytic anemia. This protein may have a proliferative effect and play a role in cancer development or progression. Related pseudogenes have been identified on chromosomes 5, 6, 10 and 13.

Full Name

peroxiredoxin 2

Function

Thiol-specific peroxidase that catalyzes the reduction of hydrogen peroxide and organic hydroperoxides to water and alcohols, respectively. Plays a role in cell protection against oxidative stress by detoxifying peroxides and as sensor of hydrogen peroxide-mediated signaling events. Might participate in the signaling cascades of growth factors and tumor necrosis factor-alpha by regulating the intracellular concentrations of H2O2.

Biological Process

Cell redox homeostasisManual Assertion Based On ExperimentIBA:GO_Central
Cellular response to oxidative stressManual Assertion Based On ExperimentIDA:BHF-UCL
Defense response to tumor cellManual Assertion Based On ExperimentIMP:ARUK-UCL
Extrinsic apoptotic signaling pathwayIEA:Ensembl
Hydrogen peroxide catabolic processManual Assertion Based On ExperimentTAS:BHF-UCL
Leukocyte activationManual Assertion Based On ExperimentIBA:GO_Central
Negative regulation of apoptotic processManual Assertion Based On ExperimentTAS:UniProtKB
Negative regulation of extrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway in absence of ligandIEA:Ensembl
Negative regulation of lipopolysaccharide-mediated signaling pathwayIEA:Ensembl
Negative regulation of NF-kappaB transcription factor activityIEA:Ensembl
Negative regulation of T cell differentiationIEA:Ensembl
Positive regulation of blood coagulationIEA:Ensembl
Positive regulation of MAPK cascadeIEA:Ensembl
Regulation of apoptotic processManual Assertion Based On ExperimentIMP:UniProtKB
Regulation of hydrogen peroxide metabolic processIEA:Ensembl
Removal of superoxide radicalsManual Assertion Based On ExperimentIDA:BHF-UCL
Respiratory burst involved in inflammatory responseIEA:Ensembl
Response to lipopolysaccharideIEA:Ensembl
Response to oxidative stressManual Assertion Based On ExperimentIMP:UniProtKB
T cell homeostasisIEA:Ensembl
T cell proliferationIEA:Ensembl
Thymus developmentIEA:Ensembl

Cellular Location

Cytoplasm

PTM

The enzyme can be inactivated by further oxidation of the cysteine sulfenic acid (C(P)-SOH) to sulphinic acid (C(P)-SO2H) instead of its condensation to a disulfide bond. It can be reactivated by forming a transient disulfide bond with sulfiredoxin SRXN1, which reduces the cysteine sulfinic acid in an ATP- and Mg-dependent manner.