ANP32A

Implicated in a number of cellular processes, including proliferation, differentiation, caspase-dependent and caspase-independent apoptosis, suppression of transformation (tumor suppressor), inhibition of protein phosphatase 2A, regulation of mRNA trafficking and stability in association with ELAVL1, and inhibition of acetyltransferases as part of the INHAT (inhibitor of histone acetyltransferases) complex. Plays a role in E4F1-mediated transcriptional repression.

Full Name

Acidic Nuclear Phosphoprotein 32 Family Member A

Function

Multifunctional protein that is involved in the regulation of many processes including tumor suppression, apoptosis, cell cycle progression or transcription (PubMed:16341127, PubMed:11360199, PubMed:18439902, PubMed:10400610). Promotes apoptosis by favouring the activation of caspase-9/CASP9 and allowing apoptosome formation (PubMed:18439902). In addition, plays a role in the modulation of histone acetylation and transcription as part of the INHAT (inhibitor of histone acetyltransferases) complex. Inhibits the histone-acetyltranferase activity of EP300/CREBBP (CREB-binding protein) and EP300/CREBBP-associated factor by histone masking (PubMed:11830591). Preferentially binds to unmodified histone H3 and sterically inhibiting its acetylation and phosphorylation leading to cell growth inhibition (PubMed:16341127). Participates in other biochemical processes such as regulation of mRNA nuclear-to-cytoplasmic translocation and stability by its association with ELAVL1 (Hu-antigen R) (PubMed:18180367). Plays a role in E4F1-mediated transcriptional repression as well as inhibition of protein phosphatase 2A (PubMed:15642345, PubMed:17557114).
(Microbial infection) Plays an essential role in influenza A, B and C viral genome replication (PubMed:32694517, PubMed:33045004, PubMed:33208942, PubMed:30666459). Mechanistically, mediates the assembly of the viral replicase asymmetric dimers composed of PB1, PB2 and PA via its N-terminal region (PubMed:33208942). Plays also an essential role in foamy virus mRNA export from the nucleus (PubMed:21159877).

Biological Process

Intracellular signal transduction Source: ProtInc
Nucleocytoplasmic transport Source: UniProtKB
Regulation of apoptotic process Source: GO_Central
Regulation of mRNA stability Source: Reactome

Cellular Location

Nucleus; Cytoplasm; Endoplasmic reticulum. Translocates to the cytoplasm during the process of neuritogenesis (By similarity). Shuttles between nucleus and cytoplasm.

PTM

Phosphorylated on serine residues, at least in part by casein kinase 2/CK2.
The N-terminus is blocked.
Some glutamate residues are glycylated by TTLL8. This modification occurs exclusively on glutamate residues and results in a glycine chain on the gamma-carboxyl group (By similarity).