CD74

CD74 (CD74 Molecule) is a Protein Coding gene. Diseases associated with CD74 include Undifferentiated Pleomorphic Sarcoma and Mantle Cell Lymphoma. Among its related pathways are Response to elevated platelet cytosolic Ca2+ and Innate Immune System. Gene Ontology (GO) annotations related to this gene include identical protein binding and amyloid-beta binding.

CD74 Molecule

Plays a critical role in MHC class II antigen processing by stabilizing peptide-free class II alpha/beta heterodimers in a complex soon after their synthesis and directing transport of the complex from the endoplasmic reticulum to the endosomal/lysosomal system where the antigen processing and binding of antigenic peptides to MHC class II takes place. Serves as cell surface receptor for the cytokine MIF.
Class-II-associated invariant chain peptide: Binds to the peptide-binding site of MHC class II alpha/beta heterodimers forming an alpha-beta-CLIP complex, thereby preventing the loading of antigenic peptides to the MHC class II complex until its release by HLA-DM in the endosome.
Isoform p41: Stabilizes the conformation of mature CTSL by binding to its active site and serving as a chaperone to help maintain a pool of mature enzyme in endocytic compartments and extracellular space of antigen-presenting cells (APCs). Has antiviral activity by stymieing the endosomal entry of Ebola virus and coronaviruses, including SARS-CoV-2 (PubMed:32855215).
Disrupts cathepsin-mediated Ebola virus glycoprotein processing, which prevents viral fusion and entry. This antiviral activity is specific to p41 isoform (PubMed:32855215).

Activation of MAPK activity Source: Ensembl
Antigen processing and presentation Source: GO_Central
Antigen processing and presentation of endogenous antigen Source: UniProtKB
Antigen processing and presentation of exogenous peptide antigen via MHC class II Source: Reactome
Cell population proliferation Source: Ensembl
Chaperone cofactor-dependent protein refolding Source: Ensembl
Immunoglobulin mediated immune response Source: UniProtKB
Intracellular protein transport Source: UniProtKB
Leukocyte migration Source: Reactome
Macrophage migration inhibitory factor signaling pathway Source: Ensembl
Negative regulation of apoptotic process Source: UniProtKB
Negative regulation of cell migration Source: ARUK-UCL
Negative regulation of DNA damage response, signal transduction by p53 class mediator Source: BHF-UCL
Negative regulation of intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway in response to DNA damage by p53 class mediator Source: BHF-UCL
Negative regulation of mature B cell apoptotic process Source: Ensembl
Negative regulation of peptide secretion Source: BHF-UCL
Negative regulation of T cell differentiation Source: Ensembl
Negative regulation of viral entry into host cell Source: UniProtKB
Negative thymic T cell selection Source: Ensembl
Positive regulation of B cell proliferation Source: BHF-UCL
Positive regulation of chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand 2 production Source: BHF-UCL
Positive regulation of chemokine production Source: ARUK-UCL
Positive regulation of cytokine-mediated signaling pathway Source: BHF-UCL
Positive regulation of dendritic cell antigen processing and presentation Source: Ensembl
Positive regulation of ERK1 and ERK2 cascade Source: BHF-UCL
Positive regulation of fibroblast proliferation Source: BHF-UCL
Positive regulation of gene expression Source: ARUK-UCL
Positive regulation of I-kappaB kinase/NF-kappaB signaling Source: CAFA
Positive regulation of interleukin-6 production Source: ARUK-UCL
Positive regulation of interleukin-8 production Source: ARUK-UCL
Positive regulation of kinase activity Source: CAFA
Positive regulation of macrophage cytokine production Source: BHF-UCL
Positive regulation of macrophage migration inhibitory factor signaling pathway Source: ARUK-UCL
Positive regulation of MAPK cascade Source: CAFA
Positive regulation of monocyte differentiation Source: CAFA
Positive regulation of neutrophil chemotaxis Source: BHF-UCL
Positive regulation of peptidyl-tyrosine phosphorylation Source: BHF-UCL
Positive regulation of prostaglandin biosynthetic process Source: ARUK-UCL
Positive regulation of protein phosphorylation Source: CAFA
Positive regulation of T cell differentiation Source: Ensembl
Positive regulation of transcription, DNA-templated Source: CAFA
Positive regulation of type 2 immune response Source: GO_Central
Positive regulation of viral entry into host cell Source: CAFA
Positive thymic T cell selection Source: Ensembl
Prostaglandin biosynthetic process Source: UniProtKB
Protein-containing complex assembly Source: UniProtKB
Protein stabilization Source: UniProtKB
Protein trimerization Source: InterPro
Regulation of macrophage activation Source: UniProtKB
Response to interferon-gamma Source: UniProtKB
T cell activation involved in immune response Source: GO_Central
T cell selection Source: UniProtKB

Endosome; Trans-Golgi network; Endoplasmic reticulum membrane; Lysosome; Cell membrane. Transits through a number of intracellular compartments in the endocytic pathway. It can either undergo proteolysis or reach the cell membrane.
Isoform p41: Late endosome; Lysosome

A chromosomal aberration involving CD74 is found in a non-small cell lung tumor. Results in the formation of a CD74-ROS1 chimeric protein.

Cytoplasmic: 1-46
Helical: 47-72
Extracellular: 73-296

N- and O-glycosylated. O-glycosylated with core 1 or possibly core 8 glycans.