FPGS

This gene encodes the folylpolyglutamate synthetase enzyme. This enzyme has a central role in establishing and maintaining both cytosolic and mitochondrial folylpolyglutamate concentrations and, therefore, is essential for folate homeostasis and the survival of proliferating cells. This enzyme catalyzes the ATP-dependent addition of glutamate moieties to folate and folate derivatives. Alternative splicing results in transcript variants encoding different isoforms.

Full Name

Folylpolyglutamate Synthase

Function

Catalyzes conversion of folates to polyglutamate derivatives allowing concentration of folate compounds in the cell and the intracellular retention of these cofactors, which are important substrates for most of the folate-dependent enzymes that are involved in one-carbon transfer reactions involved in purine, pyrimidine and amino acid synthesis. Unsubstituted reduced folates are the preferred substrates. Metabolizes methotrexate (MTX) to polyglutamates.

Biological Process

Animal organ regeneration Source: Ensembl
Brain development Source: Ensembl
Cell population proliferation Source: BHF-UCL
Folic acid-containing compound biosynthetic process Source: GO_Central
Folic acid-containing compound metabolic process Source: BHF-UCL
Folic acid metabolic process Source: Reactome
Glutamate metabolic process Source: BHF-UCL
Liver development Source: Ensembl
Nucleobase-containing compound metabolic process Source: ProtInc
One-carbon metabolic process Source: UniProtKB-KW
Tetrahydrofolylpolyglutamate biosynthetic process Source: BHF-UCL

Cellular Location

Isoform 1: Mitochondrion inner membrane; Mitochondrion matrix
Isoform 2: Cytoplasm