IL18 Antibodies

Structure of IL18

The protein encoded by the IL18 gene is a pro-inflammatory cytokine with a molecular weight of approximately 22.2 kDa. There are certain differences in this molecular weight among different species, mainly due to the processing and maturation process of its precursor protein and the subtle differences in amino acid sequences.

The primary structure of this protein folds to form a typical β -clover stereoconfiguration. Its spatial structure is composed of 12 β -folded sheets forming the core skeleton, which are connected through multiple annular regions. Specific regions on the protein surface are responsible for binding to the IL-18 receptor α chain, and the conformational accuracy of this binding site is crucial for initiating downstream signal transduction. A key structural functional site is located between Asp53 and Lys89, which stabilize the receptor-binding interface by forming a salt bridge, thereby regulating its powerful inflammation-inducing ability.

Fig. 1 Schematic diagram of the IL-18 minigene constructs.¹

Key structural properties of IL18:

• Typical β-clover topology
• The core framework is composed of 12 β -folded sheets
• Surface receptor binding interface determines its signal specificity

Functions of IL18

The core function of the protein encoded by the IL18 gene is to activate immune responses and inflammatory reactions. However, this factor also plays a dual role in various pathological processes, including anti-infection, anti-tumor, and participation in the occurrence and development of autoimmune diseases.

Unlike most interleukins, IL18 is stored in the cytoplasm as an inactive precursor and needs to be cleaved by proteases such as caspase-1 to mature and activate. This characteristic makes it a precisely regulated key node in the inflammatory response.

Applications of IL18 and IL18 Antibody in Literature

1. Zhao, Cheng, et al. "PTBP3 Mediates IL‐18 Exon Skipping to Promote Immune Escape in Gallbladder Cancer." Advanced Science 11.38 (2024): 2406633. https://doi.org/10.1002/advs.202406633

The article indicates that in gallbladder cancer, PTBP3 mediates the skipping of IL-18 exon to produce the oncogenic isomer ΔIL-18, which promotes PD-1 stability by down-regulating FBXO38 in CD8+T cells, leading to immune escape. Targeting ΔIL-18 can inhibit tumor growth and provide new ideas for immunotherapy.

2. Choi, Yeon Ho, et al. "IL-27 enhances IL-15/IL-18-mediated activation of human natural killer cells." Journal for immunotherapy of cancer 7.1 (2019): 168. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40425-019-0652-7

This study found that when human NK cells were expanded in vitro, the combination of IL-18, IL-15 and IL-27 had a significant synergistic effect, which could most effectively enhance the proliferation, cytotoxicity and IFN-γ secretion of NK cells, and increase the expression of their activated receptors, providing an optimized culture protocol for cancer immunotherapy.

3. Berjis, Abdulla, et al. "Pretreatment with IL-15 and IL-18 rescues natural killer cells from granzyme B-mediated apoptosis after cryopreservation." Nature communications 15.1 (2024): 3937. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-024-47574-0

Research has found that before cryopreserving NK cells, combined pretreatment with IL-18 and IL-15 can effectively inhibit apoptosis by inducing anti-apoptotic genes and temporarily reducing the level of granzyme B, increase the cell recovery rate to over 90%, and maintain their anti-tumor activity.

4. Rahman, Ayesha, and Lingadahalli S. Shashidhara. "Analyzing the influence of IL18 in regulation of YAP1 in breast oncogenesis using cBioportal." Cancer Reports 5.3 (2022): e1484. https://doi.org/10.1002/cnr2.1484

The article indicates that research based on TCGA data has found that in breast cancer, IL-18 participates in tumor progression by influencing the expression of YAP1. High expression of IL-18 predicts a better prognosis, while high YAP1 accompanied by low IL-18 leads to adverse consequences, suggesting that IL-18 may serve as a potential therapeutic target for YAP1-overexpressing breast cancer.

5. Sato, Paula Keiko, et al. "Polymorphism in the Promoter Region of the IL18 Gene and the Association with Severity on Paracoccidioidomycosis." Frontiers in immunology 11 (2020): 542210. https://doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2020.542210

This study, through the analysis of patients with coccidiosis, found that the A allele (rs1946518) at the -607 locus of the IL-18 gene significantly increases the risk of acute and multifocal chronic types, while the C allele may play a protective role against the single-focal chronic type, revealing the important role of this gene polymorphism in the clinical outcomes of the disease.

Creative Biolabs: IL18 Antibodies for Research

Creative Biolabs specializes in the production of high-quality IL18 antibodies for research and industrial applications. Our portfolio includes monoclonal antibodies tailored for ELISA, Flow Cytometry, Western blot, immunohistochemistry, and other diagnostic methodologies.

• Custom IL18 Antibody Development: Tailor-made solutions to meet specific research requirements.
• Bulk Production: Large-scale antibody manufacturing for industry partners.
• Technical Support: Expert consultation for protocol optimization and troubleshooting.
• Aliquoting Services: Conveniently sized aliquots for long-term storage and consistent experimental outcomes.

For more details on our IL18 antibodies, custom preparations, or technical support, contact us at email.