PLAT

PLAT (Plasminogen Activator, Tissue Type) is a protein coding gene. Diseases associated with PLAT include Lethal Hydranencephaly-Diaphragmatic Hernia Syndrome andThrombophilia, Familial, Due To Decreased Release Of Tissue Plasminogen Activator. Among its related pathways are Cell adhesion_ECM remodeling and Apelin signaling pathway. Gene Ontology annotations related to this gene include serine-type endopeptidase activity. An important paralog of the gene is HGFAC.

Plasminogen Activator, Tissue Type

Converts the abundant, but inactive, zymogen plasminogen to plasmin by hydrolyzing a single Arg-Val bond in plasminogen. By controlling plasmin-mediated proteolysis, it plays an important role in tissue remodeling and degradation, in cell migration and many other physiopathological events. During oocyte activation, plays a role in cortical granule reaction in the zona reaction, which contributes to the block to polyspermy (By similarity).

Blood coagulationManual Assertion Based On ExperimentTAS:ProtInc
Cellular response to dexamethasone stimulusIEA:Ensembl
Cellular response to follicle-stimulating hormone stimulusIEA:Ensembl
Cellular response to luteinizing hormone stimulusIEA:Ensembl
FibrinolysisTAS:Reactome
Negative regulation of fibrinolysis1 PublicationIC:ComplexPortal
Negative regulation of plasminogen activation1 PublicationIC:ComplexPortal
Negative regulation of proteolysisManual Assertion Based On ExperimentIDA:BHF-UCL
Plasminogen activationManual Assertion Based On ExperimentIDA:UniProtKB
Platelet-derived growth factor receptor signaling pathwayManual Assertion Based On ExperimentIBA:GO_Central
Positive regulation of ovulationIEA:Ensembl
Prevention of polyspermyISS:UniProtKB
Protein modification processManual Assertion Based On ExperimentTAS:ProtInc
ProteolysisManual Assertion Based On ExperimentIBA:GO_Central
Regulation of synaptic plasticityIEA:Ensembl
Response to cAMPIEA:Ensembl
Response to fatty acidIEA:Ensembl
Response to hypoxiaIEA:Ensembl
Smooth muscle cell migrationManual Assertion Based On ExperimentIBA:GO_Central
Synaptic transmission, glutamatergicIEA:Ensembl
Trans-synaptic signaling by BDNF, modulating synaptic transmissionIEA:Ensembl

Secreted, extracellular space

Increased activity of TPA results in increased fibrinolysis of fibrin blood clots that is associated with excessive bleeding. Defective release of TPA results in hypofibrinolysis that can lead to thrombosis or embolism.

The single chain, almost fully active enzyme, can be further processed into a two-chain fully active form by a cleavage after Arg-310 catalyzed by plasmin, tissue kallikrein or factor Xa.
Differential cell-specific N-linked glycosylation gives rise to two glycoforms, type I (glycosylated at Asn-219) and type II (not glycosylated at Asn-219). The single chain type I glycoform is less readily converted into the two-chain form by plasmin, and the two-chain type I glycoform has a lower activity than the two-chain type II glycoform in the presence of fibrin.
N-glycosylation of Asn-152; the bound oligomannosidic glycan is involved in the interaction with the mannose receptor.
Characterization of O-linked glycan was studied in Bowes melanoma cell line.