EXOSC4

EXOSC4 (Exosome Component 4) is a Protein Coding gene. Among its related pathways are CDK-mediated phosphorylation and removal of Cdc6 and Gene Expression. Gene Ontology (GO) annotations related to this gene include 3-5-exoribonuclease activity and exoribonuclease activity. An important paralog of this gene is EXOSC6.

Full Name

exosome component 4

Research Area

Non-catalytic component of the RNA exosome complex which has 3'->5' exoribonuclease activity and participates in a multitude of cellular RNA processing and degradation events. In the nucleus, the RNA exosome complex is involved in proper maturation of stable RNA species such as rRNA, snRNA and snoRNA, in the elimination of RNA processing by-products and non-coding 'pervasive' transcripts, such as antisense RNA species and promoter-upstream transcripts (PROMPTs), and of mRNAs with processing defects, thereby limiting or excluding their export to the cytoplasm. The RNA exosome may be involved in Ig class switch recombination (CSR) and/or Ig variable region somatic hypermutation (SHM) by targeting AICDA deamination activity to transcribed dsDNA substrates. In the cytoplasm, the RNA exosome complex is involved in general mRNA turnover and specifically degrades inherently unstable mRNAs containing AU-rich elements (AREs) within their 3' untranslated regions, and in RNA surveillance pathways, preventing translation of aberrant mRNAs. It seems to be involved in degradation of histone mRNA. The catalytic inactive RNA exosome core complex of 9 subunits (Exo-9) is proposed to play a pivotal role in the binding and presentation of RNA for ribonucleolysis, and to serve as a scaffold for the association with catalytic subunits and accessory proteins or complexes. EXOSC4 binds to ARE-containing RNAs.

Biological Process

Defense response to virus Source: MGI
DNA deamination Source: UniProtKB
Histone mRNA catabolic process Source: UniProtKB
Maturation of 5.8S rRNA Source: UniProtKB
Nuclear mRNA surveillance Source: UniProtKB
Nuclear-transcribed mRNA catabolic process Source: UniProtKB
Nuclear-transcribed mRNA catabolic process, exonucleolytic, 3'-5' Source: GO_Central
Polyadenylation-dependent snoRNA 3'-end processing Source: GO_Central
Positive regulation of cell growth Source: UniProtKB
rRNA catabolic process Source: GO_Central
rRNA processing Source: UniProtKB
U4 snRNA 3'-end processing Source: GO_Central

Cellular Location

Nucleolus; Nucleus; Cytoplasm