GGT5

This gene is a member of the gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase gene family, and some reports indicate that it is capable of cleaving the gamma-glutamyl moiety of glutathione. The protein encoded by this gene is synthesized as a single, catalytically-inactive polypeptide, that is processed post-transcriptionally to form a heavy and light subunit, with the catalytic activity contained within the small subunit. The encoded enzyme is able to convert leukotriene C4 to leukotriene D4, but appears to have distinct substrate specificity compared to gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants encoding different isoforms.

Full Name

Gamma-Glutamyltransferase 5

Function

Cleaves the gamma-glutamyl peptide bond of glutathione and glutathione-S-conjugate such as leukotriene C4 (PubMed:21447318).

Does not cleaves gamma-glutamyl compounds such as gamma-glutamyl leucine (PubMed:21447318).

May also catalyze a transpeptidation reaction in addition to the hydrolysis reaction, transferring the gamma-glutamyl moiety to an acceptor amino acid to form a new gamma-glutamyl compound (PubMed:21447318).

Acts as a negative regulator of geranylgeranyl glutathione bioactivity by cleaving off its gamma-glutamyl group, playing a role in adaptive immune responses (PubMed:30842656).

Biological Process

Cellular amino acid metabolic process Source: UniProtKB
Fatty acid metabolic process Source: BHF-UCL
Glutathione biosynthetic process Source: UniProtKB-KW
Glutathione catabolic process Source: UniProtKB
Inflammatory response Source: GO_Central
Leukotriene D4 biosynthetic process Source: UniProtKB
Proteolysis Source: UniProtKB
Response to estradiol Source: GO_Central
Response to lipopolysaccharide Source: GO_Central
Response to tumor necrosis factor Source: GO_Central
Spermatogenesis Source: GO_Central

Cellular Location

Membrane

Topology

Cytoplasmic: 1-8
Helical: 9-29
Extracellular: 30-586

PTM

Cleaved by autocatalysis into a large and a small subunit.
Glycosylated.