SCD

This gene encodes an enzyme involved in fatty acid biosynthesis, primarily the synthesis of oleic acid. The protein belongs to the fatty acid desaturase family and is an integral membrane protein located in the endoplasmic reticulum. Transcripts of approximately 3.9 and 5.2 kb, differing only by alternative polyadenlyation signals, have been detected. A gene encoding a similar enzyme is located on chromosome 4 and a pseudogene of this gene is located on chromosome 17. [provided by RefSeq, Sep 2015]

Full Name

Stearoyl-CoA Desaturase

Function

Stearoyl-CoA desaturase that utilizes O2 and electrons from reduced cytochrome b5 to introduce the first double bond into saturated fatty acyl-CoA substrates (PubMed:15907797, PubMed:18765284).
Catalyzes the insertion of a cis double bond at the delta-9 position into fatty acyl-CoA substrates including palmitoyl-CoA and stearoyl-CoA (PubMed:15907797, PubMed:18765284).
Gives rise to a mixture of 16:1 and 18:1 unsaturated fatty acids (PubMed:15610069).
Plays an important role in lipid biosynthesis. Plays an important role in regulating the expression of genes that are involved in lipogenesis and in regulating mitochondrial fatty acid oxidation (By similarity).
Plays an important role in body energy homeostasis (By similarity).
Contributes to the biosynthesis of membrane phospholipids, cholesterol esters and triglycerides (By similarity).

Biological Process

Biological Process monounsaturated fatty acid biosynthetic processManual Assertion Based On ExperimentIBA:GO_Central
Biological Process positive regulation of cold-induced thermogenesisBy SimilarityISS:YuBioLab
Biological Process response to fatty acidManual Assertion Based On ExperimentIBA:GO_Central
Biological Process unsaturated fatty acid biosynthetic processManual Assertion Based On ExperimentIDA:UniProtKB

Cellular Location

Endoplasmic reticulum membrane

Topology

Cytoplasmic: 1-72
Helical: 73-93
Lumenal: 94-97
Helical: 98-118
Cytoplasmic: 119-217
Helical: 218-237
Lumenal: 238-241
Helical: 242-263
Cytoplasmic: 264-359