SOAT1

The protein encoded by this gene belongs to the acyltransferase family. It is located in the endoplasmic reticulum, and catalyzes the formation of fatty acid-cholesterol esters. This gene has been implicated in the formation of beta-amyloid and atherosclerotic plaques by controlling the equilibrium between free cholesterol and cytoplasmic cholesteryl esters. Alternatively spliced transcript variants have been found for this gene.

Full Name

Sterol O-Acyltransferase 1

Function

Catalyzes the formation of fatty acid-cholesterol esters, which are less soluble in membranes than cholesterol (PubMed:16154994, PubMed:16647063, PubMed:9020103, PubMed:32433614, PubMed:32433613, PubMed:32944968).
Plays a role in lipoprotein assembly and dietary cholesterol absorption (PubMed:16154994, PubMed:9020103).
Utilizes oleoyl-CoA ((9Z)-octadecenoyl-CoA) preferentially as susbstrate: shows a higher activity towards an acyl-CoA substrate with a double bond at the delta-9 position (9Z) than towards saturated acyl-CoA or an unsaturated acyl-CoA with a double bond at the delta-7 (7Z) or delta-11 (11Z) positions (PubMed:11294643, PubMed:32433614).

Biological Process

Biological Process cholesterol effluxManual Assertion Based On ExperimentIMP:BHF-UCL
Biological Process cholesterol esterificationManual Assertion Based On ExperimentIDA:UniProtKB
Biological Process cholesterol homeostasisManual Assertion Based On ExperimentTAS:BHF-UCL
Biological Process cholesterol metabolic processManual Assertion Based On ExperimentIDA:BHF-UCL
Biological Process cholesterol storageManual Assertion Based On ExperimentIMP:BHF-UCL
Biological Process low-density lipoprotein particle clearanceTAS:Reactome
Biological Process macrophage derived foam cell differentiationManual Assertion Based On ExperimentIMP:BHF-UCL
Biological Process positive regulation of amyloid precursor protein biosynthetic processManual Assertion Based On ExperimentIMP:BHF-UCL
Biological Process very-low-density lipoprotein particle assemblyManual Assertion Based On ExperimentIMP:BHF-UCL

Cellular Location

Endoplasmic reticulum membrane

Topology

Cytoplasmic: 1-138
Helical: 139-160
Lumenal: 161-180
Helical: 181-206
Cytoplasmic: 207-218
Helical: 219-244
Lumenal: 245-252
Helical: 253-276
Cytoplasmic: 277-319
Helical: 320-352
Lumenal: 353-369
Helical: 370-395
Cytoplasmic: 396-443
Helical: 444-468
Lumenal: 469-474
Helical: 475-490
Cytoplasmic: 491-496
Helical: 497-528
Lumenal: 529-550