ADRA2B

This intronless gene encodes a seven-pass transmembrane protein. This protein is a member of a subfamily of G protein-coupled receptors that regulate neurotransmitter release from sympathetic nerves and from adrenergic neurons in the central nervous system. [provided by RefSeq, Apr 2014]

Full Name

Adrenoceptor Alpha 2B

Function

Alpha-2 adrenergic receptors mediate the catecholamine-induced inhibition of adenylate cyclase through the action of G proteins. The rank order of potency for agonists of this receptor is clonidine> norepinephrine> epinephrine = oxymetazoline> dopamine> p-tyramine = phenylephrine> serotonin> p-synephrine / p-octopamine. For antagonists, the rank order is yohimbine> chlorpromazine> phentolamine> mianserine> spiperone> prazosin> alprenolol> propanolol> pindolol.

Biological Process

Activation of MAPK activity
Activation of protein kinase B activity
Adenylate cyclase-activating adrenergic receptor signaling pathway
Adrenergic receptor signaling pathway
Cell-cell signaling
Female pregnancy
G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway
Negative regulation of epinephrine secretion
Negative regulation of norepinephrine secretion
Platelet activation
Positive regulation of blood pressure
Positive regulation of MAPK cascade
Positive regulation of neuron differentiation
Positive regulation of uterine smooth muscle contraction
Receptor transactivation
Regulation of vascular associated smooth muscle contraction

Cellular Location

Cell membrane. Interaction with RAB26, GGA1, GGA2 and GGA3 mediates transport from the Golgi to the cell membrane.

Involvement in disease

Epilepsy, familial adult myoclonic, 2 (FAME2): A form of familial myoclonic epilepsy, a neurologic disorder characterized by cortical hand tremors, myoclonic jerks and occasional generalized or focal seizures with a non-progressive or very slowly progressive disease course. Usually, myoclonic tremor is the presenting symptom, characterized by tremulous finger movements and myoclonic jerks of the limbs increased by action and posture. In a minority of patients, seizures are the presenting symptom. Some patients exhibit mild cognitive impairment. FAME2 inheritance is autosomal dominant.

Topology

Extracellular: 1-12 aa
Helical: 13-38 aa
Cytoplasmic: 39-48 aa
Helical: 49-69 aa
Extracellular: 70-86 aa
Helical: 87-107 aa
Cytoplasmic: 108-128 aa
Helical: 129-149 aa
Extracellular: 150-172 aa
Helical: 173-193 aa
Cytoplasmic: 194-368 aa
Helical: 369-389 aa
Extracellular: 390-405 aa
Helical: 406-426 aa
Cytoplasmic: 427-450 aa