ATG13

ATG13 is an autophagy factor and a target of the TOR kinase signaling pathway. The encoded protein is essential for autophagosome formation and mitophagy.

Full Name

Autophagy Related 13

Function

Autophagy factor required for autophagosome formation and mitophagy. Target of the TOR kinase signaling pathway that regulates autophagy through the control of the phosphorylation status of ATG13 and ULK1, and the regulation of the ATG13-ULK1-RB1CC1 complex. Through its regulation of ULK1 activity, plays a role in the regulation of the kinase activity of mTORC1 and cell proliferation.

Biological Process

Autophagosome assembly Source: UniProtKB
Macroautophagy Source: Reactome
Mitophagy Source: GO_Central
Piecemeal microautophagy of the nucleus Source: GO_Central
Positive regulation of protein targeting to mitochondrion Source: ParkinsonsUK-UCL
Protein localization to phagophore assembly site Source: GO_Central
Regulation of macroautophagy Source: Reactome
Response to mitochondrial depolarisation Source: Ensembl

Cellular Location

Cytosol; Preautophagosomal structure. Under starvation conditions, is localized to puncate structures primarily representing the isolation membrane; the isolation membrane sequesters a portion of the cytoplasm resulting in autophagosome formation.

PTM

Phosphorylated by ULK1, ULK2 and mTOR. Phosphorylation status depends on nutrient-rich conditions; dephosphorylated during starvation or following treatment with rapamycin. ULK1-mediated phosphorylation of ATG13 at Ser-355 is required for efficient clearance of depolarized mitochondria.