SLC18A2

The vesicular monoamine transporter acts to accumulate cytosolic monoamines into synaptic vesicles, using the proton gradient maintained across the synaptic vesicular membrane. Its proper function is essential to the correct activity of the monoaminergic systems that have been implicated in several human neuropsychiatric disorders. The transporter is a site of action of important drugs, including reserpine and tetrabenazine (summary by Peter et al., 1993 [PubMed 7905859]). See also SLC18A1 (MIM 193002).

Full Name

Solute Carrier Family 18 Member A2

Function

Involved in the ATP-dependent vesicular transport of biogenic amine neurotransmitters. Pumps cytosolic monoamines including dopamine, norepinephrine, serotonin, and histamine into synaptic vesicles (PubMed:23363473).
Requisite for vesicular amine storage prior to secretion via exocytosis.

Biological Process

Biological Process aminergic neurotransmitter loading into synaptic vesicleManual Assertion Based On ExperimentIBA:GO_Central
Biological Process chemical synaptic transmissionManual Assertion Based On ExperimentTAS:ParkinsonsUK-UCL
Biological Process dopamine transportManual Assertion Based On ExperimentTAS:ParkinsonsUK-UCL
Biological Process locomotory behaviorIEA:Ensembl
Biological Process monoamine transportManual Assertion Based On ExperimentTAS:ProtInc
Biological Process negative regulation of reactive oxygen species biosynthetic process1 PublicationNAS:ParkinsonsUK-UCL
Biological Process neurotransmitter loading into synaptic vesicleManual Assertion Based On ExperimentTAS:ParkinsonsUK-UCL
Biological Process neurotransmitter transportTAS:Reactome
Biological Process post-embryonic developmentIEA:Ensembl
Biological Process response to amphetamineIEA:Ensembl
Biological Process response to toxic substanceIEA:Ensembl
Biological Process sequestering of neurotransmitter1 PublicationNAS:ParkinsonsUK-UCL

Cellular Location

Cytoplasmic vesicle membrane

Involvement in disease

Parkinsonism-dystonia 2, infantile-onset (PKDYS2):
An autosomal recessive disorder characterized by infantile onset of abnormal movements, including parkinsonism, dystonia, and poor fine motor skills, as well as autonomic dysfunction, including abnormal sweating, cold extremities, and poor sleep. Some patients have variable degrees of developmental delay.

Topology

Cytoplasmic: 1-20
Helical: 21-41
Lumenal: 42-129
Helical: 130-150
Cytoplasmic: 151-159
Helical: 160-180
Lumenal: 181-189
Helical: 190-210
Cytoplasmic: 211-219
Helical: 220-242
Lumenal: 243-248
Helical: 249-271
Cytoplasmic: 272-291
Helical: 292-311
Lumenal: 312-328
Helical: 329-352
Cytoplasmic: 353-357
Helical: 358-378
Lumenal: 379-389
Helical: 390-410
Cytoplasmic: 411-414
Helical: 415-435
Lumenal: 436-440
Helical: 441-462
Cytoplasmic: 463-514