NOTCH3

This gene encodes the third discovered human homologue of the Drosophilia melanogaster type I membrane protein notch. In Drosophilia, notch interaction with its cell-bound ligands (delta, serrate) establishes an intercellular signalling pathway that plays a key role in neural development. Homologues of the notch-ligands have also been identified in human, but precise interactions between these ligands and the human notch homologues remains to be determined. Mutations in NOTCH3 have been identified as the underlying cause of cerebral autosomal dominant arteriopathy with subcortical infarcts and leukoencephalopathy (CADASIL). [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

Notch 3

Functions as a receptor for membrane-bound ligands Jagged1, Jagged2 and Delta1 to regulate cell-fate determination (PubMed:15350543).
Upon ligand activation through the released notch intracellular domain (NICD) it forms a transcriptional activator complex with RBPJ/RBPSUH and activates genes of the enhancer of split locus. Affects the implementation of differentiation, proliferation and apoptotic programs (By similarity).

Artery morphogenesisIEA:Ensembl
Axon guidanceManual Assertion Based On ExperimentIBA:GO_Central
Forebrain developmentIEA:Ensembl
Glomerular capillary formationIEA:Ensembl
Negative regulation of neuron differentiationIEA:Ensembl
Negative regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase IIIEA:Ensembl
Neuron fate commitmentIEA:Ensembl
Notch signaling pathwayManual Assertion Based On ExperimentIBA:GO_Central
Positive regulation of smooth muscle cell proliferationIEA:Ensembl
Positive regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase IIIEA:Ensembl

Cell membrane
Notch 3 intracellular domain
Nucleus
Following proteolytical processing NICD is translocated to the nucleus.

Cerebral arteriopathy, autosomal dominant, with subcortical infarcts and leukoencephalopathy, 1 (CADASIL1):
A cerebrovascular disease characterized by multiple subcortical infarcts, pseudobulbar palsy, dementia, and the presence of granular deposits in small cerebral arteries producing ischemic stroke.
Myofibromatosis, infantile 2 (IMF2):
A rare mesenchymal disorder characterized by the development of benign tumors in the skin, striated muscles, bones, and, more rarely, visceral organs. Subcutaneous or soft tissue nodules commonly involve the skin of the head, neck, and trunk. Skeletal and muscular lesions occur in about half of the patients. Lesions may be solitary or multicentric, and they may be present at birth or become apparent in early infancy or occasionally in adult life. Visceral lesions are associated with high morbidity and mortality.
Lateral meningocele syndrome (LMNS):
A very rare skeletal disorder with facial anomalies, hypotonia and neurologic dysfunction due to meningocele, a protrusion of the meninges, unaccompanied by neural tissue, through a bony defect in the skull or vertebral column. LMNS facial features include hypertelorism and telecanthus, high arched eyebrows, ptosis, mid-facial hypoplasia, micrognathia, high and narrow palate, low-set ears and a hypotonic appearance. Additional variable features are connective tissue abnormalities, aortic dilation, a high-pitched nasal voice, wormian bones and osteolysis.

Extracellular: 40-1643
Helical: 1644-1664
Cytoplasmic: 1665-2321

Synthesized in the endoplasmic reticulum as an inactive form which is proteolytically cleaved by a furin-like convertase in the trans-Golgi network before it reaches the plasma membrane to yield an active, ligand-accessible form. Cleavage results in a C-terminal fragment N(TM) and a N-terminal fragment N(EC). Following ligand binding, it is cleaved by TNF-alpha converting enzyme (TACE) to yield a membrane-associated intermediate fragment called notch extracellular truncation (NEXT). This fragment is then cleaved by presenilin dependent gamma-secretase to release a notch-derived peptide containing the intracellular domain (NICD) from the membrane.
Phosphorylated.
Hydroxylated by HIF1AN.