PHF19

PHF19 (PHD finger protein 19) is a protein that has methylated histone binding activity. Diseases associated with PHF19 include cataract 7 and leukoencephalopathy with vanishing white matter. Among its related pathways are gene expression and chromatin regulation / acetylation. An important paralog of this gene is MTF2.

Full Name

PHF19

Function

Polycomb group (PcG) protein that specifically binds histone H3 trimethylated at 'Lys-36' (H3K36me3) and recruits the PRC2 complex, thus enhancing PRC2 H3K27me3 methylation activity (PubMed:15563832, PubMed:18691976, PubMed:23160351, PubMed:23228662, PubMed:23273982, PubMed:29499137, PubMed:23104054, PubMed:31959557).
Probably involved in the transition from an active state to a repressed state in embryonic stem cells: acts by binding to H3K36me3, a mark for transcriptional activation, and recruiting H3K36me3 histone demethylases RIOX1 or KDM2B, leading to demethylation of H3K36 and recruitment of the PRC2 complex that mediates H3K27me3 methylation, followed by de novo silencing (PubMed:23160351).
Recruits the PRC2 complex to CpG islands and contributes to embryonic stem cell self-renewal. Also binds histone H3 dimethylated at 'Lys-36' (H3K36me2) (PubMed:23104054).
Isoform 1 and isoform 2 inhibit transcription from an HSV-tk promoter (PubMed:15563832).

Biological Process

Chromatin organizationManual Assertion Based On ExperimentIBA:GO_Central
Negative regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase IIIEA:Ensembl
Positive regulation of histone H3-K27 methylationManual Assertion Based On ExperimentIMP:UniProtKB
Regulation of transcription, DNA-templatedManual Assertion Based On ExperimentIBA:GO_Central
Stem cell differentiationIEA:Ensembl
Stem cell population maintenanceIEA:Ensembl

Cellular Location

Nucleus
Localizes to chromatin as part of the PRC2 complex.