DCP2

The protein encoded by this gene is a key component of an mRNA-decapping complex required for degradation of mRNAs, both in normal mRNA turnover, and in nonsense-mediated mRNA decay (NMD). It removes the 7-methyl guanine cap structure from mRNA, prior to its degradation from the 5' end. Alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been noted for this gene.

Full Name

DCP2

Function

Decapping metalloenzyme that catalyzes the cleavage of the cap structure on mRNAs (PubMed:12417715, PubMed:12218187, PubMed:12923261, PubMed:21070968, PubMed:28002401).

Removes the 7-methyl guanine cap structure from mRNA molecules, yielding a 5'-phosphorylated mRNA fragment and 7m-GDP (PubMed:12486012, PubMed:12923261, PubMed:21070968, PubMed:28002401).

Necessary for the degradation of mRNAs, both in normal mRNA turnover and in nonsense-mediated mRNA decay (PubMed:14527413).

Plays a role in replication-dependent histone mRNA degradation (PubMed:18172165).

Has higher activity towards mRNAs that lack a poly(A) tail (PubMed:21070968).

Has no activity towards a cap structure lacking an RNA moiety (PubMed:21070968).

The presence of a N6-methyladenosine methylation at the second transcribed position of mRNAs (N6,2'-O-dimethyladenosine cap; m6A(m)) provides resistance to DCP2-mediated decapping (PubMed:28002401).

Blocks autophagy in nutrient-rich conditions by repressing the expression of ATG-related genes through degradation of their transcripts (PubMed:26098573).

Biological Process

Deadenylation-dependent decapping of nuclear-transcribed mRNA Source: GO_Central
Exonucleolytic catabolism of deadenylated mRNA Source: Reactome
Histone mRNA catabolic process Source: UniProtKB
mRNA catabolic process Source: UniProtKB
Negative regulation of telomere maintenance via telomerase Source: BHF-UCL
Nuclear-transcribed mRNA catabolic process, nonsense-mediated decay Source: UniProtKB-KW
Regulation of mRNA stability Source: UniProtKB
Regulation of telomerase RNA localization to Cajal body Source: BHF-UCL

Cellular Location

Nucleus; P-body. Predominantly cytoplasmic, in processing bodies (PB) (PubMed:15273322). A minor amount is nuclear (PubMed:15273322).

PTM

Phosphorylated at ser-249 in a MTOR-dependent manner (PubMed:26098573).