HYLS1

This gene encodes a protein localized to the cytoplasm. Mutations in this gene are associated with hydrolethalus syndrome. Multiple alternatively spliced variants, encoding the same protein, have been identified.

Full Name

HYLS1, Centriolar And Ciliogenesis Associated

Function

Plays a role in ciliogenesis.

Biological Process

Cilium assembly Source: UniProtKB

Cellular Location

Cytoplasm; Centrosome; Centriole; Cilium

Involvement in disease

Hydrolethalus syndrome 1 (HLS1):
A lethal syndrome characterized by polydactyly, central nervous system malformation, and hydrocephalus. The polydactyly is postaxial in the hands and preaxial in the feet. A highly characteristic hallux duplex is seen in almost no other situation. In half of the cases, a large atrioventricular communis defect of the heart is found. The pregnancy is characterized by hydramnios, which is often massive, and by preterm delivery. Defects in HYLS1 may be involved in ciliopathies other than hydrolethalus syndrome 1. A homozygous mutation resulting in a C-terminal extension of 11 residues has been found in patients diagnosed as Joubert syndrome, a ciliopathy presenting with cerebellar ataxia, oculomotor apraxia, hypotonia, neonatal breathing abnormalities and psychomotor delay. Neuroradiologically, it is characterized by cerebellar vermian hypoplasia/aplasia, thickened and reoriented superior cerebellar peduncles, and an abnormally large interpeduncular fossa, giving the appearance of a molar tooth on transaxial slices (molar tooth sign). Additional variable features include retinal dystrophy and renal disease.