CAMK2B

The product of this gene belongs to the serine/threonine protein kinase family and to the Ca(2+)/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase subfamily. Calcium signaling is crucial for several aspects of plasticity at glutamatergic synapses. In mammalian cells, the enzyme is composed of four different chains: alpha, beta, gamma, and delta. The product of this gene is a beta chain. It is possible that distinct isoforms of this chain have different cellular localizations and interact differently with calmodulin. Eight transcript variants encoding eight distinct isoforms have been identified for this gene. [provided by RefSeq]

calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II beta

Calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase that functions autonomously after Ca2+/calmodulin-binding and autophosphorylation, and is involved in dendritic spine and synapse formation, neuronal plasticity and regulation of sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca2+ transport in skeletal muscle. In neurons, plays an essential structural role in the reorganization of the actin cytoskeleton during plasticity by binding and bundling actin filaments in a kinase-independent manner. This structural function is required for correct targeting of CaMK2A, which acts downstream of NMDAR to promote dendritic spine and synapse formation and maintain synaptic plasticity which enables long-term potentiation (LTP) and hippocampus-dependent learning. In developing hippocampal neurons, promotes arborization of the dendritic tree and in mature neurons, promotes dendritic remodeling. Also regulates the migration of developing neurons (PubMed:29100089).
Participates in the modulation of skeletal muscle function in response to exercise. In slow-twitch muscles, is involved in regulation of sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) Ca2+ transport and in fast-twitch muscle participates in the control of Ca2+ release from the SR through phosphorylation of triadin, a ryanodine receptor-coupling factor, and phospholamban (PLN/PLB), an endogenous inhibitor of SERCA2A/ATP2A2.

Interferon-gamma-mediated signaling pathway Source: Reactome
MAPK cascade Source: Reactome
Positive regulation of dendritic spine morphogenesis Source: UniProtKB
Positive regulation of neuron projection development Source: UniProtKB
Positive regulation of synapse maturation Source: UniProtKB
Protein autophosphorylation Source: UniProtKB
Protein phosphorylation Source: ProtInc
Regulation of calcium ion transport Source: UniProtKB
Regulation of cellular response to heat Source: Reactome
Regulation of dendritic spine development Source: UniProtKB
Regulation of long-term neuronal synaptic plasticity Source: UniProtKB
Regulation of neuron migration Source: UniProtKB
Regulation of NMDA receptor activity Source: Reactome
Regulation of skeletal muscle adaptation Source: UniProtKB
Regulation of synapse structural plasticity Source: UniProtKB
Signal transduction Source: ProtInc

Cytoskeleton; Centrosome; Sarcoplasmic reticulum membrane; Synapse. In slow-twitch muscle, evenly distributed between longitudinal SR and junctional SR.

Mental retardation, autosomal dominant 54 (MRD54): A form of mental retardation, a disorder characterized by significantly below average general intellectual functioning associated with impairments in adaptive behavior and manifested during the developmental period.

Autophosphorylation of Thr-287 following activation by Ca2+/calmodulin. Phosphorylation of Thr-287 locks the kinase into an activated state.