CYP2U1

CYP2U1 (Cytochrome P450 Family 2 Subfamily U Member 1) is a Protein Coding gene. Diseases associated with CYP2U1 include Spastic Paraplegia 56, Autosomal Recessive and Spastic Paraplegia 46, Autosomal Recessive. Among its related pathways are superpathway of tryptophan utilization and Cytochrome P450 - arranged by substrate type. Gene Ontology (GO) annotations related to this gene include iron ion binding and oxidoreductase activity, acting on paired donors, with incorporation or reduction of molecular oxygen. An important paralog of this gene is CYP2R1.

Full Name

Cytochrome P450 Family 2 Subfamily U Member 1

Function

A cytochrome P450 monooxygenase involved in the metabolism of arachidonic acid and its conjugates (PubMed:14660610, PubMed:24563460).

Mechanistically, uses molecular oxygen inserting one oxygen atom into a substrate, and reducing the second into a water molecule, with two electrons provided by NADPH via cytochrome P450 reductase (CPR; NADPH-ferrihemoprotein reductase) (PubMed:14660610, PubMed:24563460).

Acts as an omega and omega-1 hydroxylase for arachidonic acid and possibly for other long chain fatty acids. May modulate the arachidonic acid signaling pathway and play a role in other fatty acid signaling processes (PubMed:14660610, PubMed:24563460).

May downregulate the biological activities of N-arachidonoyl-serotonin, an endocannabinoid that has anti-nociceptive effects through inhibition of fatty acid amide hydrolase FAAH, TRPV1 receptor and T-type calcium channels. Catalyzes C-2 oxidation of the indole ring of N-arachidonoyl-serotonin forming a less active product 2-oxo-N-arachidonoyl-serotonin (PubMed:24563460).

Biological Process

Exogenous drug catabolic process Source: GO_Central
Omega-hydroxylase P450 pathway Source: UniProtKB
Organic acid metabolic process Source: GO_Central
Xenobiotic metabolic process Source: GO_Central

Cellular Location

Endoplasmic reticulum membrane; Microsome membrane; Mitochondrion inner membrane

Involvement in disease

Spastic paraplegia 56, autosomal recessive (SPG56):
A form of spastic paraplegia, a neurodegenerative disorder characterized by a slow, gradual, progressive weakness and spasticity of the lower limbs. Rate of progression and the severity of symptoms are quite variable. Initial symptoms may include difficulty with balance, weakness and stiffness in the legs, muscle spasms, and dragging the toes when walking. Complicated forms are recognized by additional variable features including spastic quadriparesis, seizures, dementia, amyotrophy, extrapyramidal disturbance, cerebral or cerebellar atrophy, optic atrophy, and peripheral neuropathy, as well as by extra neurological manifestations. In SPG56, upper limbs are often also affected. Some SPG56 patients may have a subclinical axonal neuropathy.