SULT1A1

Sulfotransferase enzymes catalyze the sulfate conjugation of many hormones, neurotransmitters, drugs, and xenobiotic compounds. These cytosolic enzymes are different in their tissue distributions and substrate specificities. The gene structure (number and length of exons) is similar among family members. This gene encodes one of two phenol sulfotransferases with thermostable enzyme activity. Multiple alternatively spliced variants that encode two isoforms have been identified for this gene.

sulfotransferase family 1A member 1

Sulfotransferase that utilizes 3'-phospho-5'-adenylyl sulfate (PAPS) as sulfonate donor to catalyze the sulfate conjugation of a wide variety of acceptor molecules bearing a hydroxyl or an amine groupe. Sulfonation increases the water solubility of most compounds, and therefore their renal excretion, but it can also result in bioactivation to form active metabolites. Displays broad substrate specificity for small phenolic compounds. Plays an important role in the sulfonation of endogenous molecules such as steroid hormones and 3,3'-diiodothyronin (PubMed:16221673, PubMed:12471039, PubMed:22069470, PubMed:21723874, PubMed:10199779, PubMed:7834621).
Mediates the sulfate conjugation of a variety of xenobiotics, including the drugs acetaminophen and minoxidil (By similarity).
Mediates also the metabolic activation of carcinogenic N-hydroxyarylamines leading to highly reactive intermediates capable of forming DNA adducts, potentially resulting in mutagenesis (PubMed:7834621).
May play a role in gut microbiota-host metabolic interaction. O-sulfonates 4-ethylphenol (4-EP), a dietary tyrosine-derived metabolite produced by gut bacteria. The product 4-EPS crosses the blood-brain barrier and may negatively regulate oligodendrocyte maturation and myelination, affecting the functional connectivity of different brain regions associated with the limbic system.

Biological Process 3'-phosphoadenosine 5'-phosphosulfate metabolic processManual Assertion Based On ExperimentIDA:UniProtKB
Biological Process amine metabolic processManual Assertion Based On ExperimentTAS:ProtInc
Biological Process catecholamine metabolic processIEA:UniProtKB-KW
Biological Process estrogen metabolic processManual Assertion Based On ExperimentIDA:UniProtKB
Biological Process ethanol catabolic processManual Assertion Based On ExperimentIDA:CAFA
Biological Process flavonoid metabolic processManual Assertion Based On ExperimentIDA:BHF-UCL
Biological Process sulfationManual Assertion Based On ExperimentIDA:BHF-UCL
Biological Process xenobiotic metabolic processManual Assertion Based On ExperimentIDA:UniProtKB

Cytoplasm