APOL1

This gene encodes a secreted high density lipoprotein which binds to apolipoprotein A-I. Apolipoprotein A-I is a relatively abundant plasma protein and is the major apoprotein of HDL. It is involved in the formation of most cholesteryl esters in plasma and also promotes efflux of cholesterol from cells. This apolipoprotein L family member may play a role in lipid exchange and transport throughout the body, as well as in reverse cholesterol transport from peripheral cells to the liver. Several different transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Nov 2008]

Full Name

Apolipoprotein L1

Function

May play a role in lipid exchange and transport throughout the body. May participate in reverse cholesterol transport from peripheral cells to the liver.

Biological Process

Cellular protein metabolic process Source: Reactome
Chloride transmembrane transport Source: BHF-UCL
Cholesterol metabolic process Source: UniProtKB-KW
Cytolysis by host of symbiont cells Source: BHF-UCL
Innate immune response Source: BHF-UCL
Lipid transport Source: UniProtKB-KW
Lipoprotein metabolic process Source: InterPro
Post-translational protein modification Source: Reactome
Receptor-mediated endocytosis Source: Reactome

Cellular Location

Secreted

Involvement in disease

Focal segmental glomerulosclerosis 4 (FSGS4): A renal pathology defined by the presence of segmental sclerosis in glomeruli and resulting in proteinuria, reduced glomerular filtration rate and progressive decline in renal function. Renal insufficiency often progresses to end-stage renal disease, a highly morbid state requiring either dialysis therapy or kidney transplantation.

PTM

Phosphorylated by FAM20C in the extracellular medium.