ARPC4

This gene encodes one of seven subunits of the human Arp2/3 protein complex. The Arp2/3 protein complex has been implicated in the control of actin polymerization in cells and has been conserved through evolution. The exact role of the protein encoded by this gene, the p20 subunit, has yet to be determined. Three transcript variants encoding two distinct isoforms have been found for this gene. [provided by RefSeq]

Full Name

actin related protein 2/3 complex, subunit 4, 20kDa

Function

Actin-binding component of the Arp2/3 complex, a multiprotein complex that mediates actin polymerization upon stimulation by nucleation-promoting factor (NPF) (PubMed:9230079).
The Arp2/3 complex mediates the formation of branched actin networks in the cytoplasm, providing the force for cell motility (PubMed:9230079).
In addition to its role in the cytoplasmic cytoskeleton, the Arp2/3 complex also promotes actin polymerization in the nucleus, thereby regulating gene transcription and repair of damaged DNA (PubMed:29925947).
The Arp2/3 complex promotes homologous recombination (HR) repair in response to DNA damage by promoting nuclear actin polymerization, leading to drive motility of double-strand breaks (DSBs) (PubMed:29925947).

Biological Process

Actin filament polymerization Source: InterPro
Actin nucleation Source: UniProtKB
Arp2/3 complex-mediated actin nucleation Source: FlyBase
Ephrin receptor signaling pathway Source: Reactome
Fc-gamma receptor signaling pathway involved in phagocytosis Source: Reactome
Membrane organization Source: Reactome

Cellular Location

Cytoskeleton; Nucleus; Cell projection