IFIT5

IFIT5 (Interferon Induced Protein With Tetratricopeptide Repeats 5) is a Protein Coding gene. Gene Ontology (GO) annotations related to this gene include tRNA binding. An important paralog of this gene is IFIT1B.

Full Name

Interferon Induced Protein With Tetratricopeptide Repeats 5

Function

Interferon-induced RNA-binding protein involved in the human innate immune response. Has a broad and adaptable RNA structure recognition important for RNA recognition specificity in antiviral defense. Binds precursor and processed tRNAs as well as poly-U-tailed tRNA fragments (PubMed:25092312, PubMed:23317505, PubMed:23774268).

Specifically binds single-stranded RNA bearing a 5'-triphosphate group (PPP-RNA), thereby acting as a sensor of viral single-stranded RNAs. Single-stranded PPP-RNAs, which lack 2'-O-methylation of the 5' cap and bear a 5'-triphosphate group instead, are specific from viruses, providing a molecular signature to distinguish between self and non-self mRNAs by the host during viral infection. Directly binds PPP-RNA in a non-sequence-specific manner (PubMed:23334420).

Also recognizes and selectively binds AT-rich dsDNA (PubMed:23774268).

Additionally, as a mediator in innate immunity, regulates positively IKK-NFKB signaling by sinergizing the recruitment of IKK to MAP3K7 (PubMed:26334375).

Biological Process

Defense response to virus Source: UniProtKB
Innate immune response Source: UniProtKB-KW
Negative regulation of viral genome replication Source: UniProtKB
Positive regulation of I-kappaB kinase/NF-kappaB signaling Source: UniProtKB

Cellular Location

Ruffle membrane. Colocalized with DDX58/RIG-I at cell surface ruffles. Localizes to actin-rich protrusions from the apical cell surface.