NELFE

The protein encoded by this gene is part of a complex termed negative elongation factor (NELF) which represses RNA polymerase II transcript elongation. This protein bears similarity to nuclear RNA-binding proteins; however, it has not been demonstrated that this protein binds RNA. The protein contains a tract of alternating basic and acidic residues, largely arginine (R) and aspartic acid (D). The gene localizes to the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class III region on chromosome 6. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

Full Name

Negative Elongation Factor Complex Member E

Function

Essential component of the NELF complex, a complex that negatively regulates the elongation of transcription by RNA polymerase II (PubMed:10199401).

The NELF complex, which acts via an association with the DSIF complex and causes transcriptional pausing, is counteracted by the P-TEFb kinase complex (PubMed:11940650, PubMed:12612062).

Provides the strongest RNA binding activity of the NELF complex and may initially recruit the NELF complex to RNA (PubMed:18303858, PubMed:27282391).

(Microbial infection) The NELF complex is involved in HIV-1 latency possibly involving recruitment of PCF11 to paused RNA polymerase II.

Biological Process

Negative regulation of mRNA polyadenylation Source: UniProtKB
Negative regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II Source: Ensembl
Negative regulation of transcription elongation from RNA polymerase II promoter Source: GO_Central
Positive regulation of ERK1 and ERK2 cascade Source: Ensembl
Positive regulation of histone H3-K4 methylation Source: Ensembl
Positive regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II Source: Ensembl

Cellular Location

Nucleus
Other locations
Chromosome
Note: Localizes to chromatin (PubMed:14701750). Phosphorylation by the P-TEFb complex promotes its release from chromatin (PubMed:14701750).

PTM

Phosphorylated by the P-TEFb complex at sites next to its RNA recognition motif, promoting its release from chromatin.
Sumoylated.